Appendix I List of all the specific congenital malformations registered in the National Perinatal Database (1995–1996) for the IVF study population (n = 4224) and the naturally conceived control group (n = 314 605) and the total number of children with one or more congenital malformations in the different organ systems

IVF study Population, n Naturally conceived control group, n Congenital malformations of the CNS     Not specifieda – 20     Anencephaly 1 128     Microcephaly 3 88     Spina bifida + meningo(myelo)coele 4 212     Encephalocoeleb – 26     Neural tube defects (NTD) 5 338     Hydrocephaly/holoprosencephaly 4 178     Hydrocephaly/holoprosencephaly 2 104     without NTD     Neuromuscular diseasea 1 13     Other 6 234 Microphthalmiad – 5 Congenital malformations of the eyeb – 53 Congenital malformations of the earsb 3 175 Congenital malformations of heart and circulatory system     Not specifieda 8 328     Single umbilical artery 13 502     Transposition great vesselsa 1 30     Tetralogy of Fallota 1 18     Ventricular septum defecta 4 153     Hypoplastic left hearta 1 17     Coarctation aortaea – 14     Tricuspid atresia/stenosisa – 5     Complex heart malformationa – 79     (>1 heart malformation)     Other 6 461 Congenital malformations of the digestive system     Not specifieda – 26     Cleft lip ± cleft palate 4 341     Cleft palate without cleft lip 2 162     Oesophageal atresia/stenose/fistulab – 66     Intestinal/anorectal atresia 4 139     Hirschsprung’s diseasea – 13     Malrotation/volvulusa 1 9     Other 7 340 Congenital malformations of the respiratory system     Not specifieda 1 36     Choanal atresiab – 19     Congenital malformation of the tracheaa – 11     Hypoplasia of the lunga 1 37     Congenital lobular emphysemaa – 3     Hydro/chylo thoraxa – 5     Hernia diaphragmatica 3 63     Relaxation of the diaphragma – 4     Other – 181 Congenital malformations of the urogenital system     Not specifieda 1 32     Hypospadias and/or epispadias 10 653     Undescended testesc 2 307     Exstrophy of the bladdera – 2     Renal agenesisc 1 73     Congenital cystic kidneya 1 28     Obstructive uropathya – 44     Other 15 847 Congenital malformations of the skin and abdominal wall     Not specifiedc 3 392     Haemangioma – 165     Naevus pigmentosuse 2 123     Other congenital malformations of the skinb 3 191     Gastroschisisa – 3     Omphalocoelea – 16     Hernia umbilicalisa – 28     Hernia inguinalisa 4 51     Other congenital malformations of the abdominal walla – 12 Congenital malformations of the skeletal and muscular system     Not specifieda 1 41     Polydactyly 1 320     Syndactyly 3 240     Reduction defects of the upper limbs or lower limbsb – 18     Congenital hip dislocation 3 115     Deformities of the foot without NTD 12 443     Other 20 819 Chromosomal and syndromal congenital malformations     Not specifieda 1 45     Down’s syndrome (trisomy 21) 2 362     Other chromosomal malformationsb 6 222     Situs inversusb 1 12     Multiple congenital malformations (not listed before) 3 322     Congenital hypothyroidyb – 32     Other congenital malformations (not listed before), not specified 6 588 Total number of children with one or more congenital malformations in the different organ systems:     Central nervous system 15 934     Heart and circulatory system 32 1531     Digestive system 17 1029     Respiratory system 5 349     Urogenital system 30 1904     Skin and abdominal wall 11 934     Skeletal and muscular system 34 1836     Chromosomal, syndromal and other malformations 16 1471 Total number of children with one or more congenital malformations 137 8526 aOnly registered in the National Neonatology Database. bOnly registered in the National Neonatology Database and the National Perinatal Database for Secondary Care. cOnly registered in the National Neonatology Database and the National Perinatal Database for Primary Care. dOnly registered in the National Perinatal Database for Secondary Care. eOnly registered in the National Perinatal Database for Primary Care and Secondary Care.