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Human Reproduction, Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 125-131, 1995
© 1995 European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology

Comparison of different methods for the investigation of antisperm antibodies on spermatozoa, in seminal plasma and in serum

E. Andreou1, A. Mahmoud2, L. Vermeulen1, F. Schoonjans1 and F. Comhaire1,3

1 University Hospital Ghent, Department of Internal Medicine, Section Endocrinology De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium 2 On leave of absence from Assiut University Hospital, Department of Dermatology and Andrology Assiut, Egypt

Correspondence: 3To whom correspondence should be addressed

Since there is no gold standard for the diagnosis of immunological infertility, comparison between different methods and of their results with biological tests for the detection of antisperm antibodies must be used in defining the most reliable and clinically relevant method. We have evaluated the results of direct (n = 100) and indirect tests in serum (n = 140) and seminal plasma (n = 100) using the SpermMAR and Immunobead (IB) techniques for the detection of sperm antibodies of the immunoglobulin (Ig) classes G, A and M, and we have compared the results with those of the tray agglutination test and the adenosine triphosphate release cytotoxicity test. Results indicate the higher specificity and sensitivity of the SpermMAR results for IgG and IgA, as compared to the outcome of the IB test. It appears that the IB test for IgA may detect non-specific antibodies in serum. Little information is obtained from the tray agglutination test in seminal plasma, and the indirect SpermMAR test for IgG in seminal plasma was the only independent variable associated with the outcome of the former test. Since the SpermMAR tests for IgG and IgA are more accurate and biologically relevant, as well as easier to perform than the respective IB tests, the former must be considered the method of first choice.

Key words: cytotoxicity test/immunoglobulin class/infertility/male/MAR test/sperm antibody

Submitted on April 22, 1994; accepted on August 16, 1994.


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