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Human Reproduction, Vol. 11, No. 11, pp. 2408-2411, 1996
© 1996 European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology

research-article

Immunology: Defective maternal—fetal interaction in a murine autoimmune model

Boris Tartakovsky1, Bonnie L. Bermas2, Zev Sthoeger1, Gene M. Shearer2 and Edna Mozes1,3

1Department of Immunology, The Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot 76100 Israel 2Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health (NIH) Bethesda, MD 20892, USA

Correspondence: 3To whom correspondence should be addressed

Anti-cardiolipin antibodies (ACA) are associated with recurrent fetal loss, but their role in this pathological condition is unknown. We recently developed an experimental mouse model of the anti-phospholipid syndrome, in which immunization of female mice with a monoclonal anti-cardiolipin antibody resulted in substantial failure of pregnancy. We observed that pre-implantation embryos derived from ACA-injected mothers exhibited morphological abnormalities and failed to implant in vitro. In the present study, we designed embryo transfer experiments to determine whether defective embryonic development originated as a maternal defect, an embryonic defect or both. Embryos (3.5 day old), taken from ACA- and control-immunized mothers were transferred into either an ACA-or a control-treated uterine environment (day 2.5 pseudo-pregnant females). On day 14 of gestation the incidence of pregnancy, the average number of fetuses per female and fetal resorptions were assessed. The ACA-treated uterine environment was found to be non-supportive for the development and implantation of normal embryos. Moreover, embryos derived from ACA-immunized mothers, even after their removal from the ACA-environment and transfer to a normal uterus, remained deficient These results demonstrate that both the maternal and the embryonic compartments were defective, as a result of previous exposure to the ACA.

Key words: anti-cardiolipin antibodies/anti-phospholipid syndrome/autoimmunity/embryonic implantation/pregnancy


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