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Human Reproduction, Vol. 11, No. 4, pp. 765-768, 1996
© 1996 European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology

research-article

Semen analysis in HTV seropositive men and in subjects at high risk for HTV infection

Franco Dondero2, Tiziana Rossi, Giampiero D'Offizi1, Fernando Mazzilli, Rosamaria Rosso1, Nadia Sarandrea, Elena Pinter1 and Fernando Aiuti1

1Chair of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Rome 'La Sapienza', Policlinico Umberto 1, 00161 Rome, Italy 5th Medical Clinic, Laboratory of Seminology and Immunology of Reproduction Policlinico Umberto 1, 00161 Rome, Italy

Correspondence: 2To whom correspondence should be addressed

The main purpose of this research was (i) to perform a comparative study of sperm parameters in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seropositive and high risk subjects in order to identify any possible alterations in the semen which specifically result from HIV infection and (ii) to study the p24 antigen as an early diagnostic marker of infection in high risk subjects. HIV seropositive subjects showed no significant variations regarding sperm densities, motility and viscosity compared to high risk subjects and controls. On the other hand, these HIV seropositive subjects showed (a) a significantly higher percentage of cytoplasmic droplet forms and immature germ cells, perhaps caused by an early failure of epididymal function and/or by a condition of stress affecting spermatogenesis after HIV infection and (b) a significantly higher level of spermio-phage cells, suggesting that HIV activates mechanisms that increase spermiophagy. In addition, HiV seropositive men showed a significant positive correlation between blood CD4+ and sperm motility as well as a significant inverse correlation between CD4+ and sperm abnormalities. This is perhaps due to a decrease in testosteronaemia leading to defective epididymal sperm maturation. To date, p24 has not been found in the serum or seminal plasma of high risk subjects. The longitudinal study in progress should provide further information on this point.

Key words: HIV/human semen/p24 antigen/spermiophagy


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