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Human Reproduction, Vol. 11, No. 4, pp. 844-849, 1996
© 1996 European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology

research-article

Effects of clomiphene citrate stimulation on endometrial structure in infertile women

Annette J. Bonhoff1,3, Olaf G.J. Naether1 and Elisabeth Johannisson2

1Institute for Hormone and Fertility Research, University of Hamburg Grandweg 64, D-22529 Hamburg, Germany 2Laboratory of Analytical and Quantitative Cytology Geneva, Switzerland

Correspondence: 3To whom correspondence should be addressed

Investigations into the effect of clomiphene citrate stimulation on endometrial differentiation were retrospectively performed in the mid-luteal phase on 21 patients undergoing ovulation induction prior to artificial insemination. A high incidence of irregular endometrial development was seen using morphological and morphometric criteria; in addition, increasing stromal oedema after clomiphene citrate treatment was observed. Measurable differences in glandular development (i.e. numbers of glands and glandular epithelial height) were found in early luteal phase biopsies (LH+2/+6) from patients treated with clomiphene citrate and normal fertile controls. Impaired endometrial development in the early luteal phase, which is a sensitive interval in preparation for implantation, might lead to an effective asynchrony between embryonic and uterine development and unfavourably influence the outcome of implantation.

Key words: clomiphene citrate/human endometrium/infertility/morphometry


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