Human Reproduction, Vol. 11, No. 6, pp. 1190-1194, 1996
© 1996 European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology
research-article |
Human endometrial stromal cells as a source of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-l molecules
1II Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Milano Via Commenda 12 20100, Milano 2Centro trasfusionale e di Immunoematologia Clinica L. Mangiagalli, Milano, Italy
Correspondence: 3To whom correspondence should be addressed
Intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-l-mediated cell-cell adhesion is essential for various immunological functions, including natural killer (NK) cell-mediated cyto-toxicity against endometrium. The present study was designed to establish whether shedding of ICAM-1 from cultured endometrial stromal cells occurred and to characterize its potential functional significance in endometrial physiology and pathology. The shed sICAM-1 molecule was detected and quantified in supernatants from endometrial stromal cultures and in peritoneal fluids by a specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results of this study indicate that cultured endometrial stromal cells constitutively shed ICAM-1 from their surface. This ability is regulated during the menstrual cycle, as it appears to be higher in the proliferative than in the secretory phase of the cycle (16.93 ± 2.2 and 7.7 ± 1.76 ng/ml respectively). In order to evaluate whether the release of sICAM-1 could interfere with cell-mediated lysis of endometrium, we compared the determinations of sICAM-1 in endometrial supernatants with the ability of such supernatants to suppress NK cell-mediated cytotoxidty toward endometrial targets. A significant correlation (r = 0.6, P < 0.05) was found between the sICAM-1 concentration in endometrial supernatants and the percentage of inhibition of NK cell-mediated lysis exerted by the same supernatant samples. Finally, endometrial stromal shedding of sICAM-1 appears to be related to endometriosis since endometrial stromal cultures obtained from patients with advanced stages of the disease released significantly higher amounts of the soluble protein compared to the control group (P < 0.05). sICAM-1 is a soluble molecule which can interfere with immunological functions, and its shedding may be one of the mechanisms by which refluxed endometrial cells escape immunosurveillance.
Key words: endometriosis/endometaum/ICAM-1/sICAM-l
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