Human Reproduction, Vol 12, 167-172, Copyright © 1997 by Oxford University Press
L Myatt, AL Eis, DE Brockman, IA Greer and F Lyall
Nitric oxide (NO) regulates blood flow in the human placenta. As increased
resistance to blood flow is seen in the fetal-placental vasculature in
pregnancies complicated by pre-eclampsia and/or intrauterine growth
restriction (IUGR), we examined expression of endothelial nitric oxide
synthase (eNOS) in these placentas. Placental villous tissue sections were
obtained from normotensive control (n = 5), IUGR alone (n = 5) or
pre-eclamptic (with or without IUGR (n = 9) patients, immunostained for
eNOS and scored for localization, type (punctate or diffuse) and intensity
of eNOS staining in syncytiotrophoblast and placental vessels. The
significance of differences was calculated using the Mann-Whitney U-test.
No differences in intensity or type of immunostaining in
syncytiotrophoblast were seen. Placentas from patients with pre- eclampsia
with or without IUGR had a significantly more basal distribution of eNOS in
syncytiotrophoblast. eNOS immunostaining was absent in terminal villous
capillary and faint in stem villous vessel endothelium of normal placentas,
but was intense in the endothelium of both of these types of vessels in the
IUGR and pre-eclampsia groups, with significantly greater staining seen in
stem vessels of patients with IUGR alone. This increased eNOS expression
and hence increased NO production in the fetal-placental vasculature may be
an adaptive response to the increased resistance and poor perfusion in
these pathological pregnancies.
ARTICLES
Endothelial nitric oxide synthase in placental villous tissue from normal, pre-eclamptic and intrauterine growth restricted pregnancies
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, OH 45267, USA.
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