Human Reproduction, Vol 12, 2192-2199, Copyright © 1997 by Oxford University Press
D Jayaprakash, KS Kumar, S Shivaji and PB Seshagiri
Pentoxifylline (PF) is used to enhance motility of spermatozoa from
infertile human subjects. We have previously shown that 0.45 mM PF improved
capacitation of spermatozoa and fertilization of oocytes in vitro in
hamsters. The present study was carried out to assess PF- induced changes
in motility kinematics of hamster spermatozoa by a computer-aided sperm
analyser (CASA) and determine the timing of onset of hyperactivation (HA)
and acrosome reaction (AR) in PF-treated spermatozoa. Motility kinematics
were analysed by CASA for 0-8 h in the absence or presence of 0.45 mM PF in
Tyrode's medium supplemented with lactate, pyruvate and polyvinyl alcohol
(TLP-PVA) or in TLP-PVA with bovine serum albumin (TALP-PVA). Conventional
assessment was also made on the percentage of motility and quality of
motility of spermatozoa; values were expressed as sperm motility index
(SMI). Both in TALP-PVA and TLP-PVA, PF markedly increased SMI, especially
the quality of motility (P < 0.02) by 2-3 h which was sustained up to 6
h. The motility kinematic data of PF-treated spermatozoa in TALP-PVA showed
that average path velocity, curvilinear velocity and amplitude of lateral
head displacement significantly (P < 0.05) increased as early as 2 h,
with the expected decrease in straightness (STR) and linearity (LIN).
Similar changes were also observed with PF-treated spermatozoa in TLP-PVA.
Moreover, the percentage of hyperactivated spermatozoa in PF-treated
samples was significantly (P < 0.001) higher than the untreated control
at 2 h. To determine whether PF could induce AR, independent of bovine
serum albumin, quantitative AR was assessed by observing the presence or
absence of acrosomal cap on viable spermatozoa. PF significantly (P <
0.001) increased the percentage of AR as early as 2 h, reaching maximum at
4 h both in TALP-PVA (P < 0.05) and in TLP-PVA (P < 0.001). These
results show that, in hamsters, PF induces early onset (by 2 h) of HA and
AR and increases the proportion of spermatozoa undergoing physiological
maturation.
ARTICLES
Pentoxifylline induces hyperactivation and acrosome reaction in spermatozoa of golden hamsters: changes in motility kinematics
Center for Reproductive Biology and Molecular Endocrinology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.
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