Human Reproduction, Vol 12, 1300-1306, Copyright © 1997 by Oxford University Press
RL Jones, RW Kelly and HO Critchley
The endometrium contains a resident population of leukocytes, the number
and subtype of which vary throughout the menstrual cycle and in early
pregnancy. Factors controlling these fluctuations are unknown, but a
combination of proliferation in situ and migration from the vasculature has
been proposed. Locally acting inflammatory mediators, including specific
chemokines and prostaglandins, have been implicated in these processes.
Interleukin-8 (IL-8) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) are
potent chemoattractants and activators for neutrophils and monocytes
respectively. Locally acting prostaglandins modulate vascular permeability,
and a synergistic action of prostaglandin E (PGE) with IL-8 has been
described. In the present study IL-8, MCP-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2),
the inducible isoform of prostaglandin synthase, were all localized in the
endometrium by immunohistochemistry throughout the menstrual cycle and in
early pregnancy. All three inflammatory mediators were localized to the
perivascular cells of blood vessels in endometrium and decidua, and
additional immunoreactivity for COX-2 was identified in the glandular
epithelium. The intensity of immunostaining was reduced in the
periovulatory, early and mid-secretory phases and significantly increased
premenstrually. These results further support the hypothesis that there is
a premenstrual migration of leukocytes into the endometrium mediated by
chemokines.
ARTICLES
Chemokine and cyclooxygenase-2 expression in human endometrium coincides with leukocyte accumulation
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Edinburgh, UK.
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