Human Reproduction, Vol 12, 1554-1560, Copyright © 1997 by Oxford University Press
E Van den Abbeel, M Camus, L Van Waesberghe, P Devroey and AC Van Steirteghem
We conducted a randomized prospective study of the cryopreservation of
one-cell human embryos, comparing a slow controlled-rate freezing procedure
with a rapid cooling procedure by direct plunging into liquid nitrogen. We
analysed the numbers of embryos that were recovered immediately after
thawing (= recovery), the number of embryos morphologically intact after
thawing and subsequent dilution of the cryoprotectants (= survival), the
numbers of embryos undergoing further cleavage after 24 h of in-vitro
culture (= cleavage) and the implantation of transferred embryos (=
children born per frozen-thawed embryo transferred). We demonstrated that
the recovery of embryos was greater after slow controlled-rate freezing.
Survival was greater after rapid cooling and the number of embryos
undergoing further cleavage was higher after slow controlled-rate freezing.
Although the birth rate was twice as high after slow controlled-rate
freezing as after rapid cooling, this difference was not statistically
significant. In conclusion, our results show clearly that for the freezing
of one-cell human embryos, slow controlled-rate freezing is more efficient
than rapid cooling. Before rapid cooling is used routinely in clinical in-
vitro fertilization programmes, its safety and reproducibility must be
convincingly demonstrated.
ARTICLES
A randomized comparison of the cryopreservation of one-cell human embryos with a slow controlled-rate cooling procedure or a rapid cooling procedure by direct plunging into liquid nitrogen
Centre for Reproductive Medicine, University Hospital and Medical School, Dutch-speaking Brussels Free University (Vrije Universiteit Brussel), Belgium.
CiteULike 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  V. Isachenko, P. Todorov, Y. Dimitrov, and E. Isachenko Integrity rate of pronuclei after cryopreservation of pronuclear-zygotes as a criteria for subsequent embryo development and pregnancy Hum. Reprod., April 1, 2008; 23(4): 819 - 826. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. A. Gook and D. H. Edgar Human oocyte cryopreservation Hum. Reprod. Update, November 1, 2007; 13(6): 591 - 605. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. Isachenko, M. Montag, E. Isachenko, F. Nawroth, S. Dessole, and H. van der Ven Developmental rate and ultrastructure of vitrified human pronuclear oocytes after step-wise versus direct rehydration Hum. Reprod., March 1, 2004; 19(3): 660 - 665. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M.A. Nowshari and G. Brem Effect of freezing rate and exposure time to cryoprotectant on the development of mouse pronuclear stage embryos Hum. Reprod., November 1, 2001; 16(11): 2368 - 2373. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S.-P. Park, E. Y. Kim, J. H. Oh, H. K. Nam, K. S. Lee, S. Y. Park, E. M. Park, S. H. Yoon, K. S. Chung, and J. H. Lim Ultra-rapid freezing of human multipronuclear zygotes using electron microscope grids Hum. Reprod., August 1, 2000; 15(8): 1787 - 1790. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Emiliani, M. Van den Bergh, A.-S. Vannin, J. Biramane, and Y. Englert Comparison of ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol and glycerol for cryopreservation of slow-cooled mouse zygotes, 4-cell embryos and blastocysts Hum. Reprod., April 1, 2000; 15(4): 905 - 910. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Uechi, O. Tsutsumi,3, Y. Morita, Y. Takai, and Y. Taketani Comparison of the effects of controlled-rate cryopreservation and vitrification on 2-cell mouse embryos and their subsequent development Hum. Reprod., November 1, 1999; 14(11): 2827 - 2832. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.L. Mauri, C.G. Petersen, R.L.R. Baruffi, R.C. Ferreira, and J.G. Franco Jr Clinical experience with ultrarapid cryopreservation of human embryos resulting from intracytoplasmic sperm injection: Brief communication Hum. Reprod., September 1, 1999; 14(9): 2362 - 2366. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. A. Gook, D.H. Edgar, and C. Stern Effect of cooling rate and dehydration regimen on the histological appearance of human ovarian cortex following cryopreservation in 1,2-propanediol Hum. Reprod., August 1, 1999; 14(8): 2061 - 2068. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|