Human Reproduction, Vol 12, 1667-1672, Copyright © 1997 by Oxford University Press
J Liu, YL Tsai, E Katz, G Compton, JE Garcia and TA Baramki
The effect of in-vitro culture on the motility and morphology of fresh and
frozen-thawed human testicular spermatozoa obtained from obstructive
azoospermic patients and on the motility of testicular spermatozoa obtained
from non-obstructive azoospermic patients was evaluated. The outcome of
intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) with fresh and frozen-thawed human
testicular spermatozoa was studied. The results showed that significant
improvement of sperm morphology and motility was observed in culture of
fresh (n = 17) and frozen-thawed (n = 15) testicular sperm samples obtained
from patients with obstructive azoospermia. The motility of cultured
testicular spermatozoa reached a peak at 72 h without the need for special
media. In six of 20 samples obtained from patients with non-obstructive
azoospermia, improvement of sperm motility was observed. When only
non-motile testicular spermatozoa were cultured, they all remained
non-motile (n = 9). In patients with obstructive azoospermia, fertilization
rates of 80 and 81% were obtained using ICSI with fresh and frozen-thawed
testicular spermatozoa respectively. Clinical pregnancies were observed in
four out of nine patients with fresh testicular spermatozoa and two out of
five patients after using frozen-thawed spermatozoa. When fresh testicular
spermatozoa obtained from patients with non-obstructive azoospermia were
used for ICSI, the fertilization rate was 68% and two out of seven patients
achieved clinical pregnancies. In conclusion, the morphology and motility
of fresh and frozen-thawed testicular spermatozoa in patients with
obstructive azoospermia can be significantly improved after in-vitro
culture. The outcome of in-vitro culture of testicular spermatozoa in
patients with non-obstructive azoospermia is unpredictable. In-vitro
culture of non-motile testicular spermatozoa is not successful so far. The
outcome of ICSI with fresh and with frozen-thawed testicular spermatozoa
was similar.
ARTICLES
Outcome of in-vitro culture of fresh and frozen-thawed human testicular spermatozoa
The GBMC Fertility Centre, Greater Baltimore Medical Centre, Maryland 21204, USA.
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