Human Reproduction, Vol 12, 1688-1692, Copyright © 1997 by Oxford University Press
PN Schlegel and LM Su
Testicular sperm extraction (TESE) may provide spermatozoa for attempts at
fertility with assisted reproduction; however, the physiological effects of
TESE on testicular function are not well understood. In order to evaluate
the effects of TESE on the testis, 64 patients were evaluated after TESE
for non-obstructive azoospermia with physical examinations, serial scrotal
sonography, histological analyses and evaluation of the success of repeated
sperm retrieval attempts. At 3 months after TESE, 82% of evaluated patients
had ultrasonographic abnormalities in the testis suggesting resolving
inflammation or haematoma at the biopsy site. By 6 months, these acute
inflammatory changes typically resolved leaving linear scars or
calcifications. Two patients had documented impaired testicular blood flow,
with complete devascularization of the testis for one patient after TESE
with multiple biopsies. Repeat TESE procedures were far more likely to
retrieve spermatozoa if the second TESE attempt was performed >6 months
after the initial TESE procedure (80%), relative to those performed within
6 months (25%). Transient adverse physiological effects are common in the
testis for up to 6 months after TESE. In addition, permanent
devascularization of the testis can occur following TESE procedures with
multiple biopsies. The risk of this complication may be minimized by using
an open biopsy technique with optical magnification to directly identify
testicular vessels.
ARTICLES
Physiological consequences of testicular sperm extraction
James Buchanan Brady Foundation, The Department of Urology, The New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY 10021, USA.
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U.I.O. Ezeh, S. Shepherd, H.D.M. Moore, and I.D. Cooke Morbidity and cost-effectiveness analysis of outpatient analgesia versus general anaesthesia for testicular sperm extraction in men with azoospermia due to defects in spermatogenesis Hum. Reprod., February 1, 1999; 14(2): 321 - 328. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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