Human Reproduction, Vol 12, 1693-1698, Copyright © 1997 by Oxford University Press
A Rybouchkin, J Benijts, P De Sutter and M Dhont
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection of immotile (dead) ejaculated human
spermatozoa has been carried out by several centres for the treatment of
infertility caused by severe asthenozoospermia (necrozoospermia). No
healthy pregnancies have been reported as yet, suggesting irreversible
damage to sperm DNA, centrioles and/or other important structures. We
investigated this hypothesis by injection of immotile human spermatozoa
obtained from several male infertility patients into mouse oocytes and
analysis of the oocyte activation rate and sperm chromosome integrity.
Motile spermatozoa of the same sample were used as a control. The
proportion of living spermatozoa among the immotile was also assessed in
each sample and was related to the results of the mouse oocyte injection
test. The oocyte activation rate after injection of immotile human
spermatozoa into mouse oocytes was the same or only slightly lower than
after injection with initially motile spermatozoa (87-100% versus 100%
respectively). The rate of normal sperm chromosome spreads correlated
significantly (r = 0.90, P < 0.05) with the proportion of living
immotile spermatozoa in a given sample. It varied from 4 to 48% for samples
containing respectively 8 and 40% of living spermatozoa. Most of the mouse
oocytes injected and activated with immotile human spermatozoa were
arrested during a prolonged period of time at the interphase of the first
cell cycle (from 22 to 60%). Others underwent a delayed nuclear envelope
breakdown but showed signs of abnormal structure of both male and female or
only the male pronuclear chromosomes. Our data demonstrate an irreversible
damage of chromosomes in dead ejaculated human spermatozoa and provide an
experimental basis for recommending the use of testicular or epididymal
spermatozoa for treatment of male infertility due to necrozoospermia.
ARTICLES
Disintegration of chromosomes in dead sperm cells as revealed by injection into mouse oocytes
Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital of Ghent, Belgium.
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