Human Reproduction, Vol 13, 154-160, Copyright © 1998 by Oxford University Press
K Volarcik, L Sheean, J Goldfarb, L Woods, FW Abdul-Karim and P Hunt
The human oocyte appears to be particularly prone to meiotic errors, and
the incidence of these errors is strongly influenced by maternal age. We
have initiated studies of human oocytes from unstimulated ovaries and have
observed age-related effects on the meiotic process in oocytes from
unselected antral follicles. Specifically, in oocytes obtained from donors
over the age of 35 years, the majority of oocytes that extruded a first
polar body in culture and arrested at second meiotic metaphase had
aberrations in spindle formation and chromosome alignment. Similarly,
observations of a limited number of oocytes at first meiotic metaphase
suggest disturbances at this stage of meiosis as well. Finally, preliminary
results of non-disjunction studies suggest that the frequency of errors in
chromosome segregation at the first meiotic division is influenced by donor
age in in-vitro matured oocytes as it is in oocytes undergoing meiotic
maturation in vivo. These data provide direct evidence that the meiotic
competence of oocytes from unstimulated ovaries declines with donor age.
Similarly, studies of in-vitro fertilization (IVF) pregnancies in older
women indicate that the developmental competence of the human oocyte
declines with age. Since both meiotic and developmental competence are
acquired during the late stages of oocyte growth, we postulate that an age-
related decline in the process of folliculogenesis results in reduced
oocyte quality and that the well characterized age-related increase in
meiotic non-disjunction is one symptom of compromised oocyte growth.
ARTICLES
The meiotic competence of in-vitro matured human oocytes is influenced by donor age: evidence that folliculogenesis is compromised in the reproductively aged ovary
Department of Genetics and Centre for Human Genetics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals of Cleveland, Ohio 44106-4955, USA.
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