Human Reproduction, Vol 13, 583-587, Copyright © 1998 by Oxford University Press
M Durban, J Benet, J Sarquella, J Egozcue and J Navarro
Most studies on preconception diagnosis published so far have used
polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis to identify single gene defects.
Although fluorescent DNA probes have been used to obtain a partial
cytogenetic diagnosis of aneuploidies in first polar bodies without defined
chromosome structures, the analysis of structural chromosome anomalies in
the interphase nucleus is not adequate. We describe a procedure to obtain
first polar body chromosome complements from hamster and human oocytes. In
63.6% (105 of 165) of hamster first polar bodies the chromosome complement
showed a defined chromosome morphology and in 94.1% (16 of 17) of human
oocytes fixed after follicular puncture it was possible to obtain high
quality, well spread chromosome complements. First polar body chromosomes
are fuzzy and shorter than oocyte chromosomes, but fluorescent in-situ
hybridization results obtained in human first polar bodies clearly show
that it is possible to detect whole chromosomes, centromeres and unique
sequences, including the terminal regions of small chromosomes. This
suggests that in fresh oocytes, DNA loss resulting from apoptotic
chromosome fragmentation has not yet occurred. Using the procedure
described, first polar bodies could be used to analyse the meiotic
segregation of maternal structural abnormalities and to detect numerical
chromosome anomalies in humans.
ARTICLES
Chromosome studies in first polar bodies from hamster and human oocytes
Unitat de Biologia, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.
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