Human Reproduction, Vol. 14, No. 11, 2868-2871,
November 1999
© 1999 European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology
A longitudinal study of pregnancy outcome following idiopathic recurrent miscarriage
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Miscarriage Clinic, Liverpool Women's Hospital, Crown Street, Liverpool L8 7SS, UK
Recurrent miscarriage is a difficult clinical problem occurring in ~1–2% of fertile women. Following investigation, most cases fail to reveal an identifiable cause and are therefore classified as idiopathic. The aim of this study was to identify important gestational milestones for pregnancy success prediction in women following idiopathic recurrent miscarriage. A total of 325 consecutive patients with idiopathic recurrent miscarriage was involved in a prospective longitudinal observational study. Patients were identified from a miscarriage database of 716 patients. Preconceptual presentation and investigation excluded patients from the study sample with known associations of recurrent pregnancy loss, such as antiphosholipid syndrome, oligomenorrhoea, mid-trimester loss and other rare causes, e.g. abnormal parental karyotype. Following early presentation in a subsequent pregnancy, all patients followed a standard clinic protocol including fetal viability ultrasonography on a fortnightly basis throughout the first trimester. Kaplan–Meier curves were constructed for pregnancy outcome. Out of 325 idiopathic cases, 70% (n = 226) conceived, with a 75% success rate. Of 55 miscarriages, longitudinal assessment showed that six losses occurred following detection of fetal cardiac activity (3%). Data from this large study group have enabled accurate prediction of future pregnancy success and have established important gestational milestones for women with idiopathic recurrent miscarriage.
Key words: fetal cardiac activity/idiopathic recurrent miscarriage/pregnancy outcome
1 To whom correspondence should be addressed
CiteULike 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  F. Scarpellini and M. Sbracia Use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor for the treatment of unexplained recurrent miscarriage: a randomised controlled trial Hum. Reprod., November 1, 2009; 24(11): 2703 - 2708. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R.H.F. van Oppenraaij, E. Jauniaux, O.B. Christiansen, J.A. Horcajadas, R.G. Farquharson, N. Exalto, and on behalf of the ESHRE Special Interest Group for Predicting adverse obstetric outcome after early pregnancy events and complications: a review Hum. Reprod. Update, July 1, 2009; 15(4): 409 - 421. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
The ESHRE Capri Workshop Group Genetic aspects of female reproduction Hum. Reprod. Update, April 2, 2008; (2008) dmn009v1. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Szekeres-Bartho and J. Balasch Progestagen therapy for recurrent miscarriage Hum. Reprod. Update, January 1, 2008; 14(1): 27 - 35. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Pasquier, C. Bohec, L. De Saint Martin, C. Le Marechal, M.T. Le Martelot, S. Roche, Y. Laurent, C. Ferec, M. Collet, and D. Mottier Strong evidence that skewed X-chromosome inactivation is not associated with recurrent pregnancy loss: an incident paired case control study Hum. Reprod., November 1, 2007; 22(11): 2829 - 2833. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Tuckerman, S.M. Laird, A. Prakash, and T.C. Li Prognostic value of the measurement of uterine natural killer cells in the endometrium of women with recurrent miscarriage Hum. Reprod., August 1, 2007; 22(8): 2208 - 2213. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M.T.M. Franssen, J.C. Korevaar, F. van der Veen, K. Boer, N.J. Leschot, and M. Goddijn Management of recurrent miscarriage: evaluating the impact of a guideline Hum. Reprod., May 1, 2007; 22(5): 1298 - 1303. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Donoso, C. Staessen, B.C.J.M. Fauser, and P. Devroey Current value of preimplantation genetic aneuploidy screening in IVF Hum. Reprod. Update, January 1, 2007; 13(1): 15 - 25. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Jauniaux, R. G. Farquharson, O. B. Christiansen, N. Exalto, and On behalf of ESHRE Special Interest Group for Earl Evidence-based guidelines for the investigation and medical treatment of recurrent miscarriage Hum. Reprod., September 1, 2006; 21(9): 2216 - 2222. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Jivraj, R. Rai, J. Underwood, and L. Regan Genetic thrombophilic mutations among couples with recurrent miscarriage Hum. Reprod., May 1, 2006; 21(5): 1161 - 1165. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. G. Farquharson, E. Jauniaux, N. Exalto, and on behalf of the ESHRE Special Interest Group for Updated and revised nomenclature for description of early pregnancy events Hum. Reprod., November 1, 2005; 20(11): 3008 - 3011. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Weiss, E. Shalev, and S. Romano Hysteroscopy may be justified after two miscarriages Hum. Reprod., September 1, 2005; 20(9): 2628 - 2631. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F. Kavalier Investigation of recurrent miscarriages BMJ, July 16, 2005; 331(7509): 121 - 122. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.R. Thornhill, C.E. deDie-Smulders, J.P. Geraedts, J.C. Harper, G.L. Harton, S.A. Lavery, C. Moutou, M.D. Robinson, A.G. Schmutzler, P.N. Scriven, et al. ESHRE PGD Consortium 'Best practice guidelines for clinical preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) and preimplantation genetic screening (PGS)' Hum. Reprod., January 1, 2005; 20(1): 35 - 48. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Kruse, K. Varming, and O.B. Christiansen Prospective, serial investigations of in-vitro lymphocyte cytokine production, CD62L expression and proliferative response to microbial antigens in women with recurrent miscarriage Hum. Reprod., November 1, 2003; 18(11): 2465 - 2472. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Bricker and R.G. Farquharson Types of pregnancy loss in recurrent miscarriage: implications for research and clinical practice Hum. Reprod., May 1, 2002; 17(5): 1345 - 1350. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S.M. Laird, N.D. Quinton, B. Anstie, T.C. Li, and A.I.F. Blakemore Leptin and leptin-binding activity in women with recurrent miscarriage: correlation with pregnancy outcome Hum. Reprod., September 1, 2001; 16(9): 2008 - 2013. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|