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Human Reproduction, Vol. 14, No. 12, 3088-3094, December 1999
© 1999 European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology

The effect of hormone replacement therapy on the number and the proliferation index of endometrial leukocytes

M.A. Habiba1, S.C. Bell1 and F. Al-Azzawi1,2,3

1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and 2 Gynaecology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences, Leicester University, Leicester, LE2 7LX, UK

This study aimed to determine the changes in endometrial leukocyte subpopulations under sequential hormone replacement therapy (HRT) during the late progestogenic phase. The number of leukocytes was determined using immunohistochemistry utilizing monoclonal antibodies to CD45 (total leukocytes), CD56 (endometrial granulated lymphocytes), CD3 (T-cells), and CD68 (macrophages). Leukocyte proliferation was demonstrated using in-situ hybridization with a histone probe, and the proliferation index was determined using double labelling for Ki67 (Mib1). Compared to the corresponding phase of the physiological cycle, sequential HRT-treated endometrium exhibited a 95% increase in CD45+ cells (P < 0.05), a 130% increase in CD56+ cells (P < 0.05), and a 113% increase in CD3 cells. There was a non-statistically significant drop in the number of CD68+ cells. The number of proliferating leukocytes increased in sequential HRT endometrium.

Key words: endometrium/HRT/leukocyte/menopause/proliferation

3 To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Gynaecology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences, Leicester University, Leicester, LE2 7LX, UK


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