Human Reproduction, Vol. 14, No. 4, 970-975,
April 1999
© 1999 European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology
The effect of a levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device on human endometrial oestrogen and progesterone receptors after one year of use
National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, 100081, China
Thirty-four women bearing a levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device, 20 µg/day (LNG-IUD-20), for 12–15 months were recruited. Endometrial biopsies were collected during the late proliferative phase of the cycle (on cycle days 10–12) before (control) and after the use of the IUD for 12 months, and assayed for oestrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR). An immunohistochemical technique with the peroxidase–antiperoxidase detection system (PAP method) was employed. D75 and JZB39 were the primary antibodies for ER and PR respectively. The immunostaining semiquantitative analysis was performed with a computerized microscope image processor, and expressed as `grey value'. Both endometrial ER and PR populations were significantly lower after insertion of the IUD (P < 0.01) than in control biopsies. The intensity of nuclear staining and the percentage of positively stained cells for ER and PR in women with LNG-IUD were each about 50% of those in control biopsies. The results suggested that LNG released locally from the IUD has a depressive action on the ER and PR, which may contribute to the contraceptive effectiveness of this type of IUD and also to the possible causes of LNG-IUD-induced irregular bleeding and amenorrhoea.
Key words: endometrium/immunohistochemistry/levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device/oestrogen receptor/progesterone receptor
1 To whom correspondence should be addressed
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