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Human Reproduction, Vol. 14, No. suppl_1, pp. 207-221, 1999
© 1999 European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology

Ovarian stimulation for in-vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection with gonadotrophins and gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogues: agonists and antagonists

R. Felberbaum1 and K. Diedrich

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Medical University of Lübeck Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany

Correspondence: 1To whom correspondence should be addressed.

The gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonists Cetrorelix and Ganirelix have been used in recent years in clinical studies to prove that these compounds reliably prevent the onset of premature luteinizing hormone (LH) surges during ovarian stimulation. Cetrorelix has been applied in single and multiple dose protocols, while Ganirelix has until now only been used in the multiple dose protocol. In the latter protocol, ovarian stimulation is started on day 2 or 3 of the spontaneous cycle with human menopausal gonadotrophin or recombinant follicle stimulating hormone. Daily administration of the GnRH antagonist at its minimum effective dose (0.25 mg/day s.c.) occurs from the sixth day of stimulation onwards until ovulation induction by human chorionic gonadotrophin. In the single dose protocol, 3 mg of the GnRH antagonist Cetrorelix was injected on day 8 of the stimulation cycle. Both protocols have been proven to be safe and effective. Fertilization rates of <60% in in-vitro fertilization and <70% in intracytoplasmic sperm injection, as well as clinical pregnancy rates of ~30% per transfer, sound most promising, the incidence of a premature LH surge is below 2%. The incidence of severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome seems to be lower under antagonist treatment than in the long agonistic protocol. Treatment time is significantly shortened.

Key words: GnRH antagonists/OHSS/ovarian stimulation/premature LH surge


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