Human Reproduction, Vol. 14, No. suppl_1, pp. 97-107, 1999
© 1999 European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology
Intracytoplasmic injection of round and elongated spermatids from azoospermic patients: results and review
1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany 2 Department of Urology Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany 3 Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Lübeck Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany 4 University of Catania, Istituto di Medicina Interna e Specialita' Internistiche, Ospedale Garibaldi Piazza Santa Maria di Gesu', 95123 Catania, Italy
Correspondence: 5To whom correspondence should be addressed
Microinjection is established as the method of choice in the treatment of severe male factor infertility as well as in azoospermic patients. Recent studies have shown that fertilization and cleavage can be achieved by injection of ejaculated as well as testicular elongated spermatids into oocytes. Here we report on the two first pregnancies worldwide resulting from elongated spermatid injection from frozen-thawed testicular tissue. Four patients with complete Sertoli cell-only syndrome (SCOS) and two with spermatogenetic maturation arrest were included in our microinjection programme. Tissues from open testicular biopsies were cryopreserved until the time of follicle puncture. A total of 67 oocytes were harvested. In the two patients with maturation arrest, cryopreserved elongated spermatids were successfully injected, while in two of the other four SCOS patients only cryopreserved round spermatids were available to be injected into the oocytes. Out of 18 injected oocytes, 10 were fertilized in the first group, while nine out of 49 injected oocytes showed fertilization and cleavage in the second group. Two clinical pregnancies were achieved with elongated spermatids from frozen-thawed testicular tissue, while no pregnancy was established in the case of round spermatids. This study confirms that fertilization, cleavage and pregnancy can be successfully achieved in cases with spermatogenetic maturation arrest by injecting cryopreserved elongated spermatids into oocytes. The literature on pregnancies following spermatid injection, as well as the problems using this technique and possible risks, are discussed.
Key words: cryopreservation/maturation arrest/Sertoli cell-only syndrome/spermatid injection/TESE
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