Human Reproduction, Vol. 17, No. 12, 3046-3052,
December 2002
© 2002 European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology
Cyclic changes of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) mRNA in the human follicle during the normal menstrual cycle and immunolocalization of G-CSF protein
1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2 Medical Research Institute and 3 Department of Pathology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, 920-0293, Japan
BACKGROUND: Ovulation has several similarities with inflammation and is closely connected to the activity of leukocytes and inflammatory cytokines. Since granulocytes are one of the major leukocytes, we focused our attention on the presence and local production of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in the human ovary. METHODS: The presence of G-CSF protein in the follicular fluid and perifollicular tissues was examined by Western blot analysis (n = 5) and immunohistochemical staining (n = 10). The relative expression levels of G-CSF mRNA in relation to GAPDH in granulosa, theca and luteal cells during the menstrual cycle were measured by quantitative RT–PCR using TaqMan technology (n = 15). RESULTS: G-CSF protein was detected in all follicular fluid and located mainly in granulosa cells of the follicle and luteal cells. The expression level of G-CSF mRNA in the late follicular phase was 137.6 ± 18.5, which was 
10-fold greater than other phases during the menstrual cycle (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that G-CSF is produced in the human follicle shortly before the ovulatory phase and may play an important role in the mechanism of ovulation.
Key words: cytokine/G-CSF/menstrual cycle/ovulation/PCR
4 To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: mak{at}kanazawa-med.ac.jp
CiteULike 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  N. Ledee, R. Lombroso, L. Lombardelli, J. Selva, S. Dubanchet, G. Chaouat, F. Frankenne, J.M. Foidart, E. Maggi, S. Romagnani, et al. Cytokines and chemokines in follicular fluids and potential of the corresponding embryo: the role of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor Hum. Reprod., May 24, 2008; (2008) den192v1. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Salmassi, A.G. Schmutzler, S. Schaefer, K. Koch, J. Hedderich, W. Jonat, and L. Mettler Is granulocyte colony-stimulating factor level predictive for human IVF outcome? Hum. Reprod., September 1, 2005; 20(9): 2434 - 2440. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Morimoto, H. Yanai, and K. Matsuno Morphologic Changes in Urine Particles during the Menstrual Cycle Clin. Chem., June 1, 2005; 51(6): 1081 - 1082. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. Sayasith, N. Bouchard, D. Boerboom, K. A. Brown, M. Dore, and J. Sirois Molecular Characterization of Equine P-Selectin (CD62P) and Its Regulation in Ovarian Follicles During the Ovulatory Process Biol Reprod, March 1, 2005; 72(3): 736 - 744. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Suzuki, H. Kobayashi, Y. Tanaka, N. Kanayama, and T. Terao Reproductive failure in mice lacking inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor (ITI) - ITI target genes in mouse ovary identified by microarray analysis J. Endocrinol., October 1, 2004; 183(1): 29 - 38. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|