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Human Reproduction, Vol. 18, No. 4, 683-693, April 2003
© 2003 European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology

The effect of different hormone therapies on integrin expression and pinopode formation in the human endometrium: a controlled study

Montserrat Creus1, Jaume Ordi2, Francisco Fábregues1, Roser Casamitjana3, Francisco Carmona1, Antonio Cardesa2, Juan A. Vanrell1 and Juan Balasch1,4

1 Institut Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2 Department of Pathology and 3 Hormonal Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine – University of Barcelona, Hospital Clínic – Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain

4 To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Institut Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hospital Clínic, c/ Casanova 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain. e-mail: jbalasch{at}medicina.ub.es

BACKGROUND: Integrin expression and pinopode formation have been proposed as a means of distinguishing receptive endometrium from non-receptive in clinical practice, thus offering new directions for the development of contraceptive approaches targeted to the endometrium as well as a better understanding of occult causes of infertility in women. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of ovulation induction, oral contraception, treatment with dehydrogesterone, and different regimens of hormone replacement therapy on endometrial {alpha}v{beta}3 integrin expression and pinopode formation using a prospective, controlled study design. METHODS: Histological dating, {alpha}v{beta}3 integrin expression and pinopode formation were evaluated in control and treated cycles in six groups of women including eight subjects per group and who received clomiphene citrate, ovarian stimulation for IVF, oral contraception, dehydrogesterone for endometrial luteal phase defect, or two different regimens of hormone replacement therapy. Twelve healthy fertile women served as a general control group. RESULTS: {alpha}v{beta}3 integrin expression and pinopode formation in the human endometrium were closely related to endometrial maturation as defined by histological dating and this was irrespective of endometria being in-phase or out-of-phase and the hormonal treatment received. Only for clomiphene citrate did a direct effect with reduction in pinopode formation in the midluteal phase seem to exist. CONCLUSION: {alpha}v{beta}3 integrin expression and pinopode formation in the human endometrium are processes closely related to endometrial maturation and this is irrespective of endometria being in-phase or out-of-phase and the hormonal treatment received. The potential usefulness of those two so-called endometrial markers of implantation as targets for contraceptive approaches or fertility-promoting strategies seems unlikely.

Key words: endometrium/hormone treatment/implantation/integrins/pinopodes


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