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Hum. Reprod. Advance Access originally published online on October 18, 2004
Human Reproduction 2004 19(12):2907-2912; doi:10.1093/humrep/deh520
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Human Reproduction vol. 19 no. 12 © European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology 2004; all rights reserved

Oviduct prostacyclin functions as a paracrine factor to augment the development of embryos

Jaou-Chen Huang1,4, Jennifer S. Goldsby1, Farinaz Arbab3, Ziad Melhem1, Nena Aleksic2 and Kenneth K. Wu2

1 Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, 2 Vascular Biology Center, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center–Houston, Houston, TX 77030 and 3 Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA

4 To whom correspondence should be addressed at: The University of Texas Health Science Center–Houston, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology–Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, 6431 Fannin, MSB 3.604, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Email: jaou-chen.huang{at}uth.tmc.edu

BACKGROUND: Recently we discovered that human oviducts produce a significant amount of prostacyclin (prostaglandin I2, PGI2) and that PGI2 enhances the potentials of live birth of mouse embryos. However, the eicosanoid profile of mouse oviducts remains unknown. METHODS: The metabolites of [14C]arachidonic acid by mouse oviducts were analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography. The expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-1, COX-2 and PGI2 synthase (PGIS) was analysed by western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. The PGI2 synthetic capacities and the COX transcripts during the preimplantation period were compared. The effects of COX-2 inhibitor on PGI2 production were ascertained. RESULTS: Mouse oviducts produced, in order of abundance, PGI2, PGD2 and PGE2. Western blot analysis confirmed the expression of COX-1, -2 and PGIS which were expressed by luminal epithelia and smooth muscle cells. Day 2–3 post-coitus (p.c.) oviducts produced PGI2 10-fold higher than day 4 p.c. oviducts (P=0.0087); day 1 p.c. oviducts expressed COX-2 transcript 5-fold higher than day 3 p.c. oviducts (P=0.0004). The PGI2 production was markedly reduced by a selective COX-2 inhibitor. CONCLUSIONS: Mouse oviducts synthesized maximal PGI2 during day 2–3 p.c., coinciding with the transformation of 2-cell embryos to morulae. The results suggest that oviduct-derived PGI2 may enhance embryo development in a paracrine fashion.

Key words: cyclooxygenase/embryotrophic factor/embryo co-culture/embryo transport/non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs


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