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Hum. Reprod. Advance Access originally published online on June 4, 2004
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Human Reproduction, Vol. 19, No. 7, 1647-1654, July 2004
© 2004 European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology

Expression of leukemia inhibitory factor and its receptor is not altered in the decidua and chorionic villi of human anembryonic pregnancy

Hsin-Fu Chen1, Kuang-Han Chao1, Jin-Yuh Shew2, Yu-Shih Yang1 and Hong-Nerng Ho1,3

1 Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine and the Hospital, National Taiwan University, 2 Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, 3 Graduate Institute of Immunology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University

Corresponding author addressed at: National Taiwan University Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, No.7 Chung-Shan S. Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan. Tel: 886 2 23123456 extension 5161; Fax: 886 2 23418557; e-mail: hnho{at}ha.mc.ntu.edu.tw

BACKGROUND: Uterine expression of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is absolutely essential for mouse, and critical for human, embryo implantation. However LIF is not required for post-implantation development of mouse embryo. The objective of this study was to examine the role of LIF system in post-implantation stage of human pregnancy. METHODS: Tissues from 25 patients with anembryonic pregnancy (AP; blighted ovum) and 25 matched patients with normal pregnancy (NP) were collected. LIF and its receptor {beta} (LIF-R{beta}) expression in the decidua and chorionic villi were analyzed by semi-quantitative reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR), real-time quantitative PCR and immunohistochemical study. RESULTS: LIF mRNA levels were not different either between different tissues (decidua vs chorionic villi) or between different patients (NP vs AP). LIF-R{beta} mRNA levels were significantly higher in chorionic villi than in decidua but were not different between NP and AP. Immunohistochemical staining supported these findings and showed a predominate expression of LIF-R{beta} in the trophoblast cells. CONCLUSIONS: This study concluded that at early human post-implantation stage, LIF is produced from both decidua and chorionic villi and may exert its major action on trophoblasts. A baseline expression of LIF and LIF-R{beta} is probably needed for early pregnancy, but AP cannot be accounted for by the defective expression of either LIF or LIF-R{beta} in most circumstances.

Key words: anembryonic pregnancy/blighted ovum/chorionic villi/decidua/leukemia inhibitory factor


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