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Hum. Reprod. Advance Access originally published online on February 2, 2005
Human Reproduction 2005 20(3):709-716; doi:10.1093/humrep/deh546
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Human Reproduction Vol. 20 No. 3 © The Author 2005; all rights reserved

Ultrasound-guided embryo transfer and the accuracy of trial embryo transfer

Mousa I. Shamonki1, Steven D. Spandorfer1,2 and Zev Rosenwaks1

1 Cornell Center for Reproductive Medicine, 505 East 70th Street, 3rd floor, New York, NY 10021, USA

2 To whom correspondence should be addressed. Email: sdspando{at}med.cornell.edu

BACKGROUND: Studies have suggested that ultrasound-guided embryo transfer (UG-ET) may improve the outcome in IVF; however, several factors may account for the improvement in pregnancy rate. This study examines the use of ultrasound to determine the accuracy of trial transfer (TT) in preparation for ET. METHODS: Sixty-seven consecutive patients prospectively underwent UG-ET over a 2 month period. Total cavity length by US was compared with the length noted by TT. A difference of ≥1 cm was considered significant. All embryos were placed within 1–2 cm of the fundus by US. RESULTS: Twenty patients (29.9%) had a difference of ≥1 cm and 13 patients (19.4%) had a difference of ≤1.5 cm. Patients with a difference of ≥1 or ≥1.5 cm had a significantly greater depth at transfer (P<0.001) and uterine cavity length (P<0.001) when compared with patients without a difference. Clinical pregnancy, implantation, delivery and overall miscarriage rates did not differ between patients with a difference of ≥1 or ≥1.5 cm versus no difference. There were no ectopic pregnancies. CONCLUSIONS: Nineteen percent of patients had a discrepancy of ≥1.5 cm and ~30% had a difference of ≥1 cm from TT at UG-ET, suggesting a benefit to UG-ET. A large prospective randomized trial comparing UG-ET with blind transfer is required to assess further if UG-ET should be used in all cases of ET.

Key words: embryo transfer/IVF/pregnancy/trial transfer/ultrasound


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M. I. Shamonki, G. L. Schattman, S. D. Spandorfer, P. H. Chung, and Z. Rosenwaks
Ultrasound-guided trial transfer may be beneficial in preparation for an IVF cycle
Hum. Reprod., October 1, 2005; 20(10): 2844 - 2849.
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