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Hum. Reprod. Advance Access originally published online on December 22, 2005
Human Reproduction 2006 21(5):1316-1319; doi:10.1093/humrep/dei457
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© The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

A cross-sectional study of the forearm bone density of long-term users of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system

Luis Bahamondes1, Ximena Espejo-Arce, Maria M. Hidalgo, Creusa Hidalgo-Regina, Cássia Teatin-Juliato and Carlos A. Petta

Human Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil

1 To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Caixa Postal 6181, 13084–971, Campinas, SP, Brazil. E-mail: bahamond{at}caism.unicamp.br

BACKGROUND: There are concerns about the effect of hormonal contraceptives on bone mineral density (BMD), but there is currently no information available on the effect of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) on BMD. The objective of this study was to compare the BMD of LNG-IUS users with that of controls using the TCu380A intrauterine device (IUD). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study paired 53 women, aged 25–51 years, who had been using the LNG-IUS for 7 years, with 53 IUD users, according to age (±1 year) and body mass index (BMI; kg/m2) (±1). BMD was evaluated at the midshaft of the ulna and the distal radius of the nondominant forearm using double X-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS: Mean age of women was 34 years. BMI was slightly over 25 in both groups. Estradiol was normal. Mean BMD was 0.469 ± 0.008 and 0.467 ± 0.009 and 0.409 ± 0.009 and 0.411 ± 0.009 at the midshaft of the ulna and distal radius in LNG-IUS and IUD users, respectively, without significant differences. CONCLUSIONS: Women aged 25–51 years, using the LNG-IUS for 7 years, had a mean BMD similar to that of the control group of TCu380A IUD users.

Key words: bone mineral density/contraception/levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system/Mirena®


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This article has been cited by other articles:


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 BMJ Case ReportsHome page
C. U. Greiner, K. Brune, and E. Haen
Osteoporosis in a young woman after 6 years of levonorgestrel administration from intrauterine devices?
BMJ Case Reports, March 5, 2009; 2009(mar02_1): bcr0720080484 - bcr0720080484.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


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