Hum. Reprod. Advance Access originally published online on February 24, 2006
Human Reproduction 2006 21(7):1907-1911; doi:10.1093/humrep/del054
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
First-trimester bleeding and pregnancy outcome in singletons after assisted reproduction
Infertility Centre, University Hospital Gent, Gent, Belgium
1 To whom correspondence should be addressed at: University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Gent, Belgium. E-mail: petra.desutter{at}ugent.be
BACKGROUND: First-trimester bleeding is frequent in assisted reproductive technique (ART) pregnancies. It is unknown whether first-trimester bleeding, if not ending in a spontaneous abortion, negatively influences further pregnancy outcome in ART in singletons. METHODS: Data were obtained from our ART database (1993–2002), with 1432 singleton ongoing pregnancies being included in this study. The outcome measures—second-trimester and third-trimester bleeding, preterm contraction rates, pregnancy duration, birthweight, Caesarean section rates, intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), preterm prelabour rupture of membranes (P-PROM), neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission and perinatal mortality—were compared in the groups with and without first-trimester bleeding. RESULTS: Significantly more singleton pregnancies resulted from a vanishing twin in the group with first-trimester bleeding (8.7%) than in the controls (4.0%). A correlation was found between the incidence of first-trimester bleeding and the number of embryos transferred. First-trimester bleeding led to increased second-trimester [odds ratio (OR) = 4.56; confidence interval (CI) = 2.76–7.56] and third-trimester bleeding rates (OR = 2.85; CI = 1.42–5.73), P-PROM (OR = 2.44; CI = 1.38–4.31), preterm contractions (OR = 2.27; CI = 1.48–3.47) and NICU admissions (OR = 1.75; CI = 1.21–2.54). First-trimester bleeding increased the risk for preterm birth (OR = 1.64; CI = 1.05–2.55) and extreme preterm birth (OR = 3.05; CI = 1.12–8.31). CONCLUSIONS: First-trimester bleeding in an ongoing singleton pregnancy following ART increases the risk for pregnancy complications. The association between first-trimester bleeding, the number of embryos transferred and adverse pregnancy outcome provides a further argument in favour of single-embryo transfer.
Key words: ART/first-trimester bleeding/IVF/perinatal outcome/pregnancy
CiteULike 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  R.H.F. van Oppenraaij, E. Jauniaux, O.B. Christiansen, J.A. Horcajadas, R.G. Farquharson, N. Exalto, and on behalf of the ESHRE Special Interest Group for Predicting adverse obstetric outcome after early pregnancy events and complications: a review Hum. Reprod. Update, July 1, 2009; 15(4): 409 - 421. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A.C. Gjerris, A. Loft, A. Pinborg, M. Christiansen, and A. Tabor The effect of a 'vanishing twin' on biochemical and ultrasound first trimester screening markers for Down's syndrome in pregnancies conceived by assisted reproductive technology Hum. Reprod., January 1, 2009; 24(1): 55 - 62. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Pinborg, O. Lidegaard, N. la Cour Freiesleben, and A. N. Andersen Vanishing twins: a predictor of small-for-gestational age in IVF singletons Hum. Reprod., October 1, 2007; 22(10): 2707 - 2714. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|