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Hum. Reprod. Advance Access originally published online on May 9, 2006
Human Reproduction 2006 21(9):2359-2363; doi:10.1093/humrep/del132
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Abnormal cervical cytology in women eligible for IVF

D. van Hamont1,2,5, L.H.C. Nissen1, A.G. Siebers3, J.C.M. Hendriks4, W.J.G. Melchers2, J.A.M. Kremer1 and L.F.A.G. Massuger1

1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands 2 Department of Medical Microbiology, Nijmegen University Centre for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands 3 Department of Pathology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands and 4 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

5 To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands. E-mail: d.vanhamont{at}obgyn.umcn.nl

BACKGROUND: Chlamydia trachomatis is more prevalent in subfertile women than in the general population and is the leading cause of tubal factor subfertility. As C. trachomatis infections are sexually transmitted, it can be expected that infections with human papillomavirus (HPV) are also more prevalent in this group of women. HPV is a necessary cause for the development of cervical (pre-)malignancies. We therefore hypothesized that subfertile women are more likely to have HPV-induced cervical abnormalities compared to the general population. METHODS: In this retrospective case–control study, all cervical smears of women visiting the fertility clinic for IVF (cases) and of women attending the population-based screening programme for cervical cancer (controls) were retrieved from an electronic database and assessed. RESULTS: The cases (n = 669) showed significantly more abnormal cervical smears compared to the controls (77 055) (6.1 and 3.9%, respectively, P < 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: The probability that subfertile women eligible for IVF are diagnosed with a high-grade cervical lesion is almost twice as high compared to women in the general population. We therefore suggest to take a cervical smear from all women referred for fertility problems.

Key words: case–control study/cervical cytology/screening/sexually transmitted infections/subfertility


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[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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