Hum. Reprod. Advance Access originally published online on September 5, 2006
Human Reproduction 2007 22(1):117-123; doi:10.1093/humrep/del346
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Serum anti-Müllerian hormone expression in women with premature ovarian failure
1 INSERM U693 Medical Faculty, Bicêtre Hospital, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre 2 Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Bd de l’Hôpital, Paris Cedex, France 3 Department of Hormonal Biochemistry, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris and 4 INSERM E120, Medical Faculty, Bicêtre Hospital, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
5 Present address: Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Créteil, France.
6 To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47–83, Bd de l’Hôpital, 75651 Paris Cedex 13, Paris V René Descarto University, France. E-mail: philippe.touraine{at}psl.aphp.fr
BACKGROUND: Premature ovarian failure (POF) is generally irreversible. However, developing follicles up to the antral stage are reported in POF and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) might be a good indicator of follicular presence. This study analysed serum AMH, ovarian histology and AMH immunoexpression in POF patients. METHODS: A cross-sectional study of 48 POF patients in an Endocrinology Department setting. Patients had an ovarian biopsy simultaneously with serum AMH sampling and/or ovarian AMH immunostaining. RESULTS: Mean serum AMH was 1.04 ± 1.66 ng/ml. Serum AMH was significantly higher in women with 15 or more follicles at ovarian histology (P = 0.001). Comparison of ovarian AMH immunostaining from POF patients and 10 normal controls revealed a normal AMH expression in POF pre-antral follicles, but a decreased expression at the early antral stages. Serum AMH was undetectable in 77% of the patients with 0–5 AMH immunopositive follicles and detectable in 100% of the patients with more than 15 AMH immunopositive follicles. CONCLUSIONS: AMH levels in POF patients could identify women with persistent follicles. The decrease of AMH immunoexpression in POF antral follicles could suggest a defect of antral development.
Key words: anti-Müllerian hormone/Müllerian inhibiting substance/ovary/premature ovarian failure
* These authors equally contributed to this article.
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