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Hum. Reprod. Advance Access originally published online on October 24, 2007
Human Reproduction 2007 22(12):3223-3231; doi:10.1093/humrep/dem216
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© The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
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Progesterone withdrawal up-regulates fibronectin and integrins during menstruation and repair in the rhesus macaque endometrium

W. Cao1, K. Mah2, R.S. Carroll2, O.D. Slayden2 and R.M. Brenner2,3

1 Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA 2 Division of Reproductive Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA

3 Correspondence address. Tel: +503-690-5331; Fax: +503-690-5563; E-mail: brennerR{at}ohsu.edu

BACKGROUND: Fibronectin (FN) is a component of the extracellular matrix that participates in wound healing in various tissues as an adhesive ligand for integrins (Itgs). To determine whether these molecules play similar roles during menstrual repair, we evaluated the expression and localization of FN and specific Itgs in the primate endometrium under hormonally controlled conditions.

METHODS: Ovariectomized rhesus macaques were treated for 2 weeks with estradiol (E2) followed by E2 with progesterone for 2 weeks. On day 28, progesterone was withdrawn and uteri were collected during menstruation, postmenstrual repair, and the proliferative and secretory phases. Analysis was by focused microarray, real time PCR, in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry.

RESULTS: Progesterone withdrawal induced significant elevations of FN, Itg {alpha}5 and Itg beta1 transcripts during menstruation as compared to day 28 (FN: P < 0.01; Itg {alpha}5: P < 0.05; Itg beta1: P < 0.05; real time PCR). These increases were concentrated in the glandular epithelium (FN) and stroma (Itg {alpha}5beta1) of the uppermost zones. Cyclic changes in Itg {alpha}3 occurred in the glandular epithelium.

CONCLUSIONS: Spatially and temporally restricted peaks of expression of FN and its Itg receptors are closely correllated with menstruation and postmenstrual repair in the primate endometrium.

Key words: fibronectin/integrin beta/integrin {alpha}/endometrium/menstruation

Submitted on April 5, 2007; resubmitted on June 11, 2007; accepted on June 18, 2007.


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