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Hum. Reprod. Advance Access originally published online on October 16, 2006
Human Reproduction 2007 22(2):586-593; doi:10.1093/humrep/del388
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Menstrual cycle-dependent changes of Toll-like receptors in endometrium

R. Aflatoonian1, E. Tuckerman2, S.L. Elliott1, C. Bruce1, A. Aflatoonian3, T.C. Li2 and A. Fazeli1,4

1 Academic Unit of Reproductive and Developmental Medicine 2 Biomedical Research Unit, The University of Sheffield, Jessop Wing, Sheffield, UK and 3 Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran

4 To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Academic Unit of Reproductive and Developmental Medicine, The University of Sheffield, Level 4, Jessop Wing, Tree Root Walk, Sheffield, S10 2SF, UK. E-mail: a.fazeli{at}sheffield.ac.uk

BACKGROUND: Rapid innate immune defences against infection usually involve the recognition of invading pathogens by specific pattern recognition receptors recently attributed to the family of Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Reports from our laboratory and others have demonstrated the existence of TLRs 1–6 in the female reproductive tract. However, little has been done to identify TLRs 7–10 in the female reproductive tract, particularly in the uterus. Also little information exists regarding variation in TLRs in the female reproductive tract during the menstrual cycle. METHOD: The distribution of TLR7–10 protein was detected by immunostaining in timed endometrial biopsies from normal women. RT–PCR was used to show the existence of TLR1–10 genes in endometrial tissue and real-time PCR analysis to investigate the relative expression of these genes during the menstrual cycle in normal human endometrium. RESULTS: TLR7–10 proteins were detected in endometrial epithelium and stroma. TLR1–10 genes were expressed in human endometrial tissue, and the mean relative expression of TLR2–6, 9 and 10 genes was significantly higher during the secretory phase compared with other phases of the menstrual cycle. CONCLUSIONS: TLR7–10 localization is not limited to endometrial epithelium but is also present in the stroma of the endometrial tissue. Endometrial TLR2–6, 9 and 10 genes are cyclically expressed during the menstrual cycle.

Key words: endometrium/menstrual cycle/Toll-like receptors


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