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Hum. Reprod. Advance Access originally published online on July 29, 2008
Human Reproduction 2008 23(11):2596-2608; doi:10.1093/humrep/den287
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© The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Comprehensive molecular cytogenetic analysis of the human blastocyst stage

E. Fragouli1,5, M. Lenzi2, R. Ross3, M. Katz-Jaffe4, W.B. Schoolcraft4 and D. Wells1

1 Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK 2 Reprogenetics LLC, Livingston, NJ 07039, USA 3 La Jolla IVF, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA 4 Colorado Center for Reproductive Medicine, Lone Tree, CO 80124, USA

5 Correspondence address. E-mail: elpida.fragouli{at}obs-gyn.ox.ac.uk/efragouli{at}hotmail.com

BACKGROUND: The high frequency of chromosomal abnormalities observed in human gametes and embryos is unlike that seen in other mammalian species and is of great clinical significance, leading to high rates of pregnancy loss, and live-born children with aneuploid syndromes. Although much is known concerning the aneuploidy rates of oocytes, cleavage stage embryos and fetuses during pregnancy, the chromosomal status of blastocysts has been relatively little investigated.

METHODS: A total of 158 good quality blastocysts were examined using micromanipulation, whole genome amplification and comparative genomic hybridization.

RESULTS: From the obtained data, it was evident that the aneuploidy rate (38.8%) is significantly lower for blastocysts than for embryos at earlier stages (51%). However, in many cases, chromosome errors, including monosomy, imbalance affecting the larger chromosomes and complex aneuploidy persisted to this final stage of preimplantation development.

CONCLUSIONS: This study represents the first attempt to gain a detailed insight into the extent and type of chromosome errors seen at the blastocyst stage, using a comprehensive molecular cytogenetic method. Our data suggest that the blastocyst stage does not represent an absolute selective barrier, and that the majority of aneuploid embryos are lost at the time of implantation or shortly thereafter.

Key words: blastocyst/comparative genomic hybridization/chromosome/aneuploidy/preimplantation genetic screening

Submitted on April 1, 2008; resubmitted on May 20, 2008; accepted on June 30, 2008.


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