Hum. Reprod. Advance Access originally published online on April 20, 2009
Human Reproduction 2009 24(8):1976-1981; doi:10.1093/humrep/dep101
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The effect of weight loss on anti-Müllerian hormone levels in overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome and reproductive impairment
1 Australian Technology Network Centre for Metabolic Fitness and Nutritional Physiology Research Centre, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5001, Australia 2 Preventative Health Flagship, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Human Nutrition, PO Box 10041, Adelaide BC, South Australia 5000, Australia 3 Research Centre for Reproductive Health, Robinson Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia
4 Correspondence address. Tel: +61-8-8303-8830; Fax: +61-8-8303-8899; E-mail: grant.brinkworth{at}csiro.au
BACKGROUND: Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) has been proposed as a clinical predictor of improvements in reproductive function following weight loss in overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). This study aimed to assess whether baseline and/or change in AMH levels with weight loss predict improvements in reproductive function in overweight and obese women with PCOS.
METHODS: Fifty-two overweight and obese women with PCOS and reproductive impairment (age 29.8 ± 0.8 years, BMI 36.5 ± 0.7 kg/m2) followed a 20-week weight loss programme. AMH, weight, menstrual cyclicity and ovulatory function were assessed at baseline and post-intervention.
RESULTS: Participants who responded with improvements in reproductive function (n = 26) had lower baseline AMH levels (23.5 ± 3.7 versus 32.5 ± 2.9 pmol/l; P = 0.03) and experienced greater weight loss (–11.7 ± 1.2 versus –6.4 ± 0.9 kg; P = 0.001) compared with those who did not respond (n = 26). Logistic regression analysis showed that weight loss and baseline AMH were independently related to improvements in reproductive function (P = 0.002 and P = 0.013, respectively). AMH levels did not change with weight loss in both responders and non-responders.
CONCLUSIONS: In overweight and obese women with PCOS and reproductive dysfunction, a 20-week weight loss intervention resulted in improvements in reproductive function but no change in AMH levels.
Clinical Trials Registration Number: ACTRN12606000198527
Key words: weight loss/anti-Müllerian hormone/reproductive function/menstrual cyclicity
Submitted on January 15, 2009; resubmitted on February 27, 2009; accepted on March 20, 2009.
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