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Human Reproduction, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 40-42, 1990
© 1990 European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology

research-article

The early luteal phase in successful and unsuccessful implantation after IVF-ET

L. Nylund1, C. Beskow, K. Carlström, B. Fredricsson, O. Gustafson, N.-O. Lunell, Å. Pousette2, L. Rosenborg, H. Slotte2 and E. Åkerlöf2

Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology S-141 86 Huddinge, Sweden 2Clinical Chemistry, Huddinge University Hospital S-141 86 Huddinge, Sweden

Correspondence: 1To whom correspondence should be addressed

The hormonal milieu at embryo implantation after in-vitro fertilization was investigated. Superstimulation was accomplished with domiphene citrate and human menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG) injections followed by ovulation induction with human chorionk gonadotrophin (HCG). Venous blood samples were drawn on days 2 and 8, the day of oocyte recovery being day 0. Fifteen women with successful implantation, defined as an ultrasound-verified pregnancy, were compared to 42 women with unsuccessful implantation, using a three-way analysis of variance. Oestradiol, progesterone, testosterone and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) did not differ between the two groups. However, the ratios of oestradiol/progesterone and of testosterone/SHBG were significantly higher in the non-fertile cycles, both on day 2 and on day 8 (P > 0.05). Furthermore, there was a highly significant decrease in oestradiol, progesterone and testosterone between days 2 and 8 in fertile as well as in non-fertile cycles (P > 0.001) and a highly significant increase in SHBG from day 2 to day 8 in both groups (P > 0.001). The higher testosterone/SHBG ratio in the non-pregnant women implies a relative hyperandrogenicity in this group that might have adversely affected the uterine receptivity.

Key words: IVF/oestradiol/post-ovulatory phase/progesterone/testosterone


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