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Human Reproduction, Vol. 6, No. 5, pp. 709-713, 1991
© 1991 European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology

other

Cytogenetic study of human oocytes uncleaved after in-vitro fertilization

J. Selva1, B. Martin-Pont2, J.N. Hugues2, P. Rince1, C. Fillion3, F. Herve3, A. Tamboise2 and E. Tamboise2

Laboratoire de Biologie de la Reproduction-Histologie, Embryologie Cytogénétique CHU Bicêtre, 94275 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre Cedex 2Laboratoire d'Histologie, Embryologie, Cytogénétique et Biologie de la Reproduction CHU Bobigny, 93012 Bobigny Cedex 3Centre de PMA Hôpital Jean Verdier 93140 Bondy, France

Correspondence: 1To whom correspondence should be addressed

Chromosome analysis of oocytes uncleaved after IVF allows the cause of the failure of cleavage to be determined and shows the incidence of chromosome disorders among human oocytes. A total of 198 uncleaved oocytes fixed 40 h after insemination were successfully analysed according to Tarkowski's airdrying method: 78.3% were unfertilized and arrested in metaphase II. Among them, 70% were normal (23, X) and 30% aneuploid (16% were hypohaploid, 14% were hyperhaploid). The incidence of chromosome breaks was 18%. In 12.1% of the oocytes, sperm chromosome condensation appeared premature usually in the G1 phase. This was especially observed in idiopathic infertility (7% of fertilized oocytes versus 2% in tubal infertility cases). In 8.1% of the cases, chromosome analysis showed diploidy which may be interpreted by either an absence of extrusion or a reintrusion of the polar body or by first cleavage failure during mitosis. In 1% of the cases triploidy was observed. Our results show that the main reason for failure of cleavage is related to failure of fertilization (78.3%). However, premature condensation of sperm chromosomes at the G1 phase appears to be quite frequent. This may be involved in the aetiology of some cases of idiopathic infertility. Finally, the high rate of chromosomal disorders (30%) in human oocytes may explain the high rate of chromosomal abnormalities in preimplantation embryos.

Key words: chromosome/human oocyte/IVF


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