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Human Reproduction, Vol. 8, No. 12, pp. 2133-2140, 1993
© 1993 European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology

review-article

Fertilization and early embryology: Granulosa cells improve human embryo development in vitro

Michelle Plachot1,5, J.M. Antoine2, Sylvia Alvarez2, C. Firmin3, A. Pfister4, Jacqueline Mandelbaum1, Anne-Marie Junca1 and J. Salat-Baroux2

1U 173 INSERM, Hôpital Necker 149 rue de Sèvres 75015 Paris 2Service de Gynécologie Obstérique et Biologie de la Reproduction, Hôpital Tenon 4 rue de la Chine 75020 Paris 3Service de Biochimie, Hôpital Tenon Paris, France 4Laboratoire d'histoembryologie et cytogénétique, Hôpital Necker Paris, France

Correspondence: 5To whom correspondence should be addressed

A total of 17 couples with repetitive implantation failure after transfer of fresh or frozen—thawed embryos had half of their zygotes cultured in standard conditions and frozen at day 2 after insemination, and the other half cocultured with autologous granulosa cells and transferred at the morula or blastocyst stage at day 5 or 6 after oocyte retrieval. At the end of the culture period, supernatants of cocultures were recovered for steroid assays. Monolayers were stained for granulosa cell growth and morphological assessment. We observed that granulosa cells improve embryo development in vitro since 32 out of 60 (53%) reached the morula stage and 18 (30%) the blastocyst stage, leading to a total of 83% embryos available for transfer (compared with 3% without coculture). The ongoing pregnancy rate of these patients who were selected because they had at least three previous implantation failures, is only 5.9%, however, which is similar to the control group without coculture (6.3%). To conclude, granulosa cells improve embryo development but not the pregnancy rate after transfer of cocultured embryos in patients with multiple previous implantation failures.

Key words: coculture/granulosa cells/human embryos/in-vitro fertilization


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