Human Reproduction, Vol. 9, No. 7, pp. 1220-1225, 1994
© 1994 European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology
other |
The human zygote inherits its mitotic potential from the male gamete
The Gamete and Embryo Research Laboratory, Cornell University Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, PO Box 30, New York, NY 10021, USA
Correspondence: 1To whom correspondence should be addressed
The control of centrosome and centriole duplication and formation of a single bipolar spindle during syngamy is different from that of somatic cells. If centrosomes from both gametes become functional, mosaicism could be induced following the formation of abnormal spindles. The centrosome used for development in most species is paternally inherited, with the exception of the mouse. Single and double centrioles within centrosomes in human zygotes have been described. Interpretation of data suggests that sperm centrioles are associated with further development. Here we provide evidence that the human sperm centrosome controls the first mitotic divisions after fertilization. Mosaicism and ploidy were determined in blastomeres derived from four groups of embryos: (i) dispermic zygotes, (ii) enucleated dispermic zygotes, (iii) monospermic zygotes in which the second polar body was retained (digynic), and (iv) enucleated monospermic digynic zygotes. Results prove that dispermic zygotes do not have bipolar spindles and become mosaic. This is determined by an extranuclear factor, since removal of a single pronucleus does not correct the abnormal division. Monospermic digynic embryos become triploid, indicating that the three pronuclei are organized in a single spindle and a single centrosome is active. Removal of one pronucleus from such zygotes causes the embryo to revert to a normal diploid state. These findings have consequences for the study of parthenogenesis, andro-genesis and gynogenesis in the human.
Key words: centrosome inheritance/human gametes/mitotic control
CiteULike 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  L. Reininger, R. Tewari, C. Fennell, Z. Holland, D. Goldring, L. Ranford-Cartwright, O. Billker, and C. Doerig An Essential Role for the Plasmodium Nek-2 Nima-related Protein Kinase in the Sexual Development of Malaria Parasites J. Biol. Chem., July 31, 2009; 284(31): 20858 - 20868. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Buckland-Nicks and E. Brothers On Fertilization in Chaetopleura apiculata and Selected Chitonida Biol. Bull., April 1, 2008; 214(2): 184 - 193. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 The ESHRE Capri Workshop Group Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in 2006: Evidence and Evolution Hum. Reprod. Update, November 1, 2007; 13(6): 515 - 526. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Ciriminna, M.L. Papale, P.G. Artini, M. Costa, L. De Santis, L. Gandini, L. Parmegiani, G. Ragni, A. Revelli, L. Rienzi, et al. Impact of Italian legislation regulating assisted reproduction techniques on ICSI outcomes in severe male factor infertility: a multicentric survey Hum. Reprod., September 1, 2007; 22(9): 2481 - 2487. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. Mitchell, N. Rives, M. Albert, M.-C. Peers, J. Selva, B. Clavier, E. Escudier, and D. Escalier Outcome of ICSI with ejaculated spermatozoa in a series of men with distinct ultrastructural flagellar abnormalities Hum. Reprod., August 1, 2006; 21(8): 2065 - 2074. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Alikani, T. Schimmel, and S. M. Willadsen Cytoplasmic fragmentation in activated eggs occurs in the cytokinetic phase of the cell cycle, in lieu of normal cytokinesis, and in response to cytoskeletal disorder Mol. Hum. Reprod., May 1, 2005; 11(5): 335 - 344. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Chatzimeletiou, E. E. Morrison, N. Prapas, Y. Prapas, and A. H. Handyside Spindle abnormalities in normally developing and arrested human preimplantation embryos in vitro identified by confocal laser scanning microscopy Hum. Reprod., March 1, 2005; 20(3): 672 - 682. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N. Rives, N. Mousset-Simeon, S. Mazurier, and B. Mace Primary Flagellar Abnormality Is Associated With an Increased Rate of Spermatozoa Aneuploidy J Androl, January 1, 2005; 26(1): 61 - 69. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Kattera and C. Chen A reply to 'Developmental potential of human pronuclear zygotes in relation to their pronuclear orientation' Hum. Reprod., August 1, 2004; 19(8): 1926 - 1927. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Platteau, C. Staessen, A. Michiels, H. Tournaye, A. Van Steirteghem, I. Liebaers, and P. Devroey Comparison of the aneuploidy frequency in embryos derived from testicular sperm extraction in obstructive and non-obstructive azoospermic men Hum. Reprod., July 1, 2004; 19(7): 1570 - 1574. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Kattera and C. Chen Developmental potential of human pronuclear zygotes in relation to their pronuclear orientation Hum. Reprod., February 1, 2004; 19(2): 294 - 299. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Kattera and C. Chen Normal birth after microsurgical enucleation of tripronuclear human zygotes: Case report Hum. Reprod., June 1, 2003; 18(6): 1319 - 1322. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M.D. Golubovsky Postzygotic diploidization of triploids as a source of unusual cases of mosaicism, chimerism and twinning Hum. Reprod., February 1, 2003; 18(2): 236 - 242. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Tesarik Reproductive semi-cloning respecting biparental embryo origin: Embryos from syngamy between a gamete and a haploidized somatic cell Hum. Reprod., August 1, 2002; 17(8): 1933 - 1937. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Lundin, C. Bergh, and T. Hardarson Early embryo cleavage is a strong indicator of embryo quality in human IVF Hum. Reprod., December 1, 2001; 16(12): 2652 - 2657. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R Grundy, R G Gosden, M Hewitt, V Larcher, A Leiper, H A Spoudeas, D Walker, and W H B Wallace Personal practice: Fertility preservation for children treated for cancer (1): scientific advances and research dilemmas Arch. Dis. Child., April 1, 2001; 84(4): 355 - 359. [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Hardarson, C. Hanson, A. Sjogren, and K. Lundin Human embryos with unevenly sized blastomeres have lower pregnancy and implantation rates: indications for aneuploidy and multinucleation Hum. Reprod., February 1, 2001; 16(2): 313 - 318. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. Ivakhnenko, J. Cieslak, and Y. Verlinsky A microsurgical technique for enucleation of multipronuclear human zygotes Hum. Reprod., April 1, 2000; 15(4): 911 - 916. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y.-M. Han, W.-H. Wang, L. R. Abeydeera, A. L. Petersen, J.-H. Kim, C. Murphy, B. N. Day, and R. S. Prather Pronuclear Location Before the First Cell Division Determines Ploidy of Polyspermic Pig Embryos Biol Reprod, November 1, 1999; 61(5): 1340 - 1346. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Moomjy, L. T. Colombero, L. L. Veeck, Z. Rosenwaks, and G. D. Palermo Sperm integrity is critical for normal mitotic division and early embryonic development Mol. Hum. Reprod., September 1, 1999; 5(9): 836 - 844. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Saias-Magnan, C. Metzler-Guillemain, G. Mercier, F. Carles-Marcorelles, J.M. Grillo, and M.R. Guichaoua Failure of pregnancy after intracytoplasmic sperm injection with decapitated spermatozoa: Case report Hum. Reprod., August 1, 1999; 14(8): 1989 - 1992. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|