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Hum. Reprod. Advance Access published online on March 7, 2007
Human Reproduction, doi:10.1093/humrep/dem035
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© The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Subfecundity in overweight and obese couples

C.H. Ramlau-Hansen1,2,5, A.M. Thulstrup2, E.A. Nohr3, J.P. Bonde2, T.I.A. Sørensen4 and J. Olsen1

1 Department of Epidemiology, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA 2 Department of Occupational Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus C, Denmark 3 Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Public Health, University of Aarhus, Aarhus C, Denmark 4 Institute of Preventive Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen K, Denmark

5 To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Department of Epidemiology, UCLA School of Public Health, 71-254 CHS, 650 Charles E. Young Dr. S., Los Angeles, CA 90095-1772, USA. E-mail: craha{at}as.aaa.dk

BACKGROUND: Recent studies indicate that not only women's but also men's obesity has adverse effects on fecundity and since fecundity is a couple concept, we examined fecundity in relation to overweight and obesity of the couple. We also examined the association between weight changes and fecundity over time.

METHODS: Between 1996 and 2002, 64 167 pregnant women enrolled in the Danish National Birth Cohort were interviewed during and 18 months after pregnancy. Information on body mass index (BMI) and waiting time to pregnancy (TTP) was available for 47 835 couples.

RESULTS: Among men and women with a BMI of 18.5 kg/m–2 or more, we found a dose-response relationship between increasing BMI group and subfecundity (a TTP of more than 12 months): Odds ratio (OR) = 1.32 (95% CI: 1.26–1.37) for women and OR = 1.19 (95% CI: 1.14–1.24) for men. Among 2374 women with an initial BMI of 18.5 kg/m–2 or more, who participated more than once in the Danish National Birth Cohort, each kilogram increment in weight between the two pregnancies was associated with a 2.84 (95% CI: 1.33–4.35) days longer TTP.

CONCLUSIONS: Couples have a high risk of being subfecund if they are both obese.

Key words: fecundity/fertility/obesity/overweight

Submitted on November 9, 2006; resubmitted on December 18, 2006; resubmitted on January 17, 2007; accepted on January 19, 2007.


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