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Hum. Reprod. Advance Access originally published online on April 3, 2006
Human Reproduction 2006 21(7):1680-1697; doi:10.1093/humrep/del075
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Assisted reproductive technology in Europe, 2002. Results generated from European registers by ESHRE

The European Ivf-monitoring programme (EIM)*, 1 , 2 for the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE)

1 ESHRE Central Office, Grimbergen, Belgium * EIM Committee: Chairman, K.G.Nygren; co-ordinator, A.Nyboe Andersen; members L.Gianaroli, R.Felberbaum and J.de Mouzon. See Appendix for contributing centres and contact persons representing the data collection programmes in the participating European countries.

2 To whom correspondence should be addressed at: ESHRE Central Office, Meerstraat 60, B-1852 Grimbergen, Belgium. E-mail: bruno.vandeneede{at}eshre.com


   Abstract
Top
 Abstract
Introduction
 Materials and methods
 Results
 Discussion
 Appendix
 References
 
European results of assisted reproductive techniques (ART) from treatments initiated during 2002 are presented in this sixth report. Data was mainly collected from already existing national registers. From 25 countries, 631 clinics reported 324 238 treatment cycles with: IVF 122 634, ICSI 135 048, frozen embryo replacement (FER) 57 162, egg donation (ED) 7677, preimplantation genetic diagnosis/screening (PGD/PGS) 1563 and in vitro maturation (IVM) 154. Overall this represents a 12% increase since year 2001. For the second time, results on European data on intrauterine inseminations were reported from 17 countries. A total of 93 284 cycles [IUI-husband/partner (H), 78 505 and IUI-donor (D), 14 779] were included. In 13 countries where all clinics reported to the register, a total of 177 429 cycles were performed in a population of 193.7 million, corresponding to 916 cycles per million inhabitants. For IVF the clinical pregnancy rate per aspiration and per transfer was 26.0 and 29.5%, respectively. For ICSI the corresponding rates were 27.2 and 29.4%. These figures are marginally better than in 2001. After IUI-H the clinical pregnancy rate was 11.6% in women below 40 and 7.8% in women ≥40 years of age. After IVF and ICSI the distribution of transfer of 1, 2, 3 and 4 or more embryos was 13.7, 54.8, 26.9 and 4.7%, respectively. Compared with year 2001, less embryos were transferred, but huge differences existed between countries. The distribution of singleton, twin and triplet deliveries for IVF and ICSI combined was 75.5, 23.2 and 1.3%, respectively. This gives a total multiple delivery rate of 24.5%, compared with 25.5% in year 2001. The range of triplet deliveries after IVF and ICSI varied from 0.0 to 5.2% between countries. After IUI-H in women below 40 years of age, 10.2% were twin and 1.3% triplet gestations.

Key words: ESHRE/Europe/IUI/IVF and ICSI/register data


   Introduction
Top
 Abstract
 Introduction
Materials and methods
 Results
 Discussion
 Appendix
 References
 
This report is the sixth annual European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) publication on European data on assisted reproduction technology (ART). The five previous, also published in Human Reproduction (ESHRE, 2001aGo,bGo, 2002Go, 2004Go, 2005Go), covered treatment cycles during 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000 and 2001.

Data has been collected from 25 European countries and covers ART with IVF, ICSI, frozen embryo replacements (FERs), egg donations (EDs) and preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) and screening (PGS) during 2002. From Finland and Sweden the number of in vitro maturation (IVM) cycles was also available. Additionally, for 2002, data on intrauterine inseminations with husband semen (IUI-H; 16 countries) and inseminations with donor semen (IUI-D; 17 countries) were included. According to the International Committee for Monitoring ART (ICMART)-WHO definitions (World Health Organization, 2002Go), IUI-H and IUI-D should not be classified as ART, but data on IUI will be included in this report.

A fifth meeting with the European IVF Monitoring (EIM) Consortium was held at the ESHRE meeting in Copenhagen June 2005 with representatives from participating countries, where the present and future reporting system were discussed. The Czech Republic and Latvia were unable to provide data for year 2002, and Austria has still not provided national data to ESHRE. Croatia and Cyprus provided data for the first time. The consortium stressed that efforts should be made to have better coverage in the Balkan and Eastern European countries. To that end, an ESHRE workshop will be held in Belgrade during 2006.

The consortium noted that the quality of data still differs between countries. It was noted that countries like Greece and Italy are going to establish compulsory national data collection programmes in the coming years, and Belgium and Denmark are reorganizing their national registries. Presently, data collection systems, coverage, definitions and validation are different. At the ESHRE Consortium meeting in Madrid 2003, it was decided that the EIM Consortium members should adapt to the definitions listed by the ICMART and published in the WHO report (World Health Organization, 2002Go). These definitions have also been adopted by ESHRE, International Federation of Fertility Societies (IFFS) and American Society of Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) / Society of Assisted Reproductive Technology (SART) and Latin American IVF Registry. Some countries have been able to adjust the 2002 data sent to ESHRE to these definitions.

The Consortium decided to continue to present annual reports and to try to improve the quality of the reports.


   Materials and methods
Top
 Abstract
 Introduction
 Materials and methods
Results
 Discussion
 Appendix
 References
 
Data collection
The present report summarizes data from IVF treatments started during 2002. The data include treatments with IVF, ICSI, ED, FER, PGD/PGS, IVM and IUI-H and IUI-D performed from the 1 January 2002 to 31 December 2002. Follow-up data on pregnancies and deliveries are cohort data. For IUI, only pregnancies, and not deliveries, were recorded. The number of clinics reporting IUI data may differ from the number of clinics presenting data on the in vitro techniques.

As it is evident from the tables, registers from a number of countries have been unable to provide some of the data.

The reporting principle used for 2002 data is basically similar to the preceding year (ESHRE, 2001aGo,b, 2002, 2004, 2005).

As the data presented here is incomplete and generated through different methods using different definitions in different countries, interpretation of the data must be done with some caution.


   Results
Top
 Abstract
 Introduction
 Materials and methods
 Results
Discussion
 Appendix
 References
 
Number of treatment cycles
Table I shows the number of all treatment cycles recorded in each country, the number of clinics in the country (if available) and the number of clinics reporting to the register. The cycles are subdivided in IVF, ICSI, FER, ED, IVM and PDG/PGS. In Belgium, France and Iceland, the number of aspirations was used, as the number of initiated cycles was not available. In relation to FER, the number of transfers rather that the number of thawings was used in the Netherlands. Totally, 631 clinics from 25 countries reported 324 238 cycles.


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  		Table I. Assisted reproductive technology (ART) in European countries in 2002

 
Table II shows data from those 12 countries where all clinics have reported to the register. The number of cycles is related to the total population in the country and the number of infants born after ART is expressed in percentage of the total number of live-births in the country. Overall, 177 429 cycles were undertaken in a population of 193.7 million, giving a mean of 916 cycles per million. The percentage of infants born after ART ranged from 1.3 to 4.2%.


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  		Table II. Assisted reproductive technology (ART) in those countries where all clinics reported to the national register in 2002

 
Size of the clinics
Table III shows the size distribution of the 631 reporting clinics. The size of a clinic (or unit) is based on all cycles performed per year. The size of the clinics does not include PGD/PGS, IVM and IUI.


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  		Table III. Size of the IVF clinics reporting to the register in 2002

 
The distribution of clinics according to the number of cycles varies considerably among the countries. For example, in Russia a third performed less than 100 cycles compared with 5% in France and 30% performed more than 1000 cycles in Germany, compared with none in several countries. To what extent these variations can play a role in the results cannot be estimated from the present report.

Age distribution
Table IV shows the age distribution of those women treated with IVF or ICSI in various countries.


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  		Table IV. Age distribution (years) of women treated with IVF & ICSI in 2002

 
Number of embryos transferred
Table V shows the number of embryos transferred after IVF and ICSI combined. The total number of single embryo transfers (SET) was 27 872 (13.7%), dual embryo transfers 111 695 (54.8%), triple embryo transfers 54 753 (26.9%) and four or more embryo transfers 9557 (4.7%). As indicated in the table, major differences were seen between countries. The range of triple embryo transfers was 1.5% (Finland) to 52.0% (Hungary) and the range of transfer of four or more embryos was 0.0 to 42.1%.


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  		Table V. Number of embryos transferred after IVF and ICSI in 2002

 
A total of 1923 elective SET (eSET) was reported separately. The only major contributor with specific data was Sweden with 1587 eSET. As indicated in Table V, SET accounted for 38.7% of transfers in Finland, 30.6% in Sweden and 25.7% in Slovenia.

Pregnancies and deliveries after treatment
Table VI–GoGoIX show the number of pregnancies and deliveries in relation to number of initiated cycles, aspirations and transfers, for IVF (Table VI), ICSI (Table VII), FER (Table VIII) and ED (Table IX).


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  		Table VI. Pregnancies and deliveries after IVF in 2002

 

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  		Table VII. Pregnancies and deliveries after ICSI in 2002

 

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  		Table VIII. Pregnancies and deliveries after FER (IVF and ICSI combined) in 2002

 

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  		Table IX. Pregnancies and deliveries after egg donation (ED) in 2002

 
Table VI shows that after IVF the 28 948 pregnancies resulted from 111 140 aspirations and 98 239 embryo transfers. Thus, the mean clinical pregnancy rate was 26.0% per aspiration and 29.5% per embryo transfer. The latter figure ranged from 23.5 to 40.5% between countries. The delivery rates per embryo transfer after IVF has not been summarized because of incomplete or absence of follow-up of pregnancies in many countries, as shown in Table X.


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  		Table X. Singleton, twin, triplet and quadruplet deliveries after IVF and ICSI in 2002

 
Table VII shows that after ICSI the 35 329 pregnancies resulted from 129 967 aspirations and 120 236 transfers. Thus the mean clinical pregnancy rate was 27.2% per aspiration and 29.4% per embryo transfer. The latter figure ranged from 10.4 to 41.4%. The delivery rates per embryo transfer after ICSI has not been summarized because of incomplete or absence of follow-up of pregnancies in many countries, as shown in Table X.

Table VIII shows that after FER 9252 pregnancies resulted from 50 264 transfers. Thus the mean clinical pregnancy rate per embryo transfer after FER was 18.4%. The latter figure ranged from 14.5 to 33.0%. The delivery rates per embryo transfer after FER has not been summarized because of incomplete or absence of follow-up of pregnancies in many countries, as shown in Table XI.


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  		Table XI. Singleton, twin, triplet and quadruplet deliveries after FER in 2002

 
Table IX shows that after ED 2437 clinical pregnancies resulted from 6980 embryo transfers, giving a pregnancy rate per transfer of 34.9%, with a range from 18.8 to 83.3%. The delivery rates per embryo transfer after ED has not been summarized because of incomplete or absence of follow-up of pregnancies in many countries.

Preimplantation genetic diagnosis/screening (PGD/PGS)
PGD/PGS was recorded in nine countries: Totally it involved 1563 cycles, 1485 aspirations, 1232 embryo transfers, 380 pregnancies (30.8% per transfer) and 289 deliveries.

The major contributors were Italy (534 cycles), Spain (430 cycles), Belgium (346 cycles) and the UK (123 cycles).

In vitro maturation (IVM)
IVM was recorded in two countries: Finland (94 cycles) and Sweden (60 cycles). The 154 cycles resulted in 31 (20.1%) pregnancies.

Singleton, twin, triplet and quadruplet deliveries
Table X shows the deliveries after IVF and ICSI in relation to singleton, twin and triplet deliveries. The distribution of the deliveries was: singleton 32 337 (75.5%), twin 9937 (23.2%) and triplet 553 (1.3%). Quadruplets occurred in 19 cases in 2002.

Table XI shows deliveries after FER in relation to singleton, twin and triplet deliveries. It is seen that the distribution of the deliveries was: singleton 4987 (80.3%), twin 1183 (19.1%) and triplet 38 (0.6%).

Risks and fetal reductions
Table XII presents the incidence of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) recorded from registers in 22 of the 25 countries. It is seen that 2148 cases of OHSS was recorded. The number of IVF and ICSI cycles in those 22 countries were 224 327, corresponding to a risk of OHSS of 1.0% of all stimulated cycles. Other complications are seen in the table.


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  		Table XII. Complications and fetal reductions in 2002

 
Table XII also gives data on the number of recorded fetal reductions. Totally, 461 fetal reductions were recorded.

Intrauterine inseminations
Table XIII gives data on IUI-H divided in female age groups <40 years (upper panel) and ≥40 years (lower panel). For France, no stratification for age was available, and the overall results are included in the group below 40 years of age.


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  		Table XIII. Intrauterine insemination with husband semen (IUI-H) in 2002

 
In women below 40 years of age, 75 746 treatments resulted in 8771 pregnancies giving a pregnancy rate per procedure of 11.6%. In women at 40 years or above, the corresponding figures were 2759, 190 and 6.9%.

In women below 40, singleton, twin and triplet pregnancies accounted for 88.7, 10.2 and 1.1% of the pregnancies, respectively. In women above 40, the corresponding values were 90.0, 8.9 and 1.1%.

Table XIV gives data on IUI-D divided in female age groups <40 years (upper panel) and ≥40 years (lower panel). For France, no stratification for age was available, and the overall results are included in the group below 40 years of age.


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  		Table XIV. Intrauterine insemination with donor semen (IUI-D) in 2002

 
In women below 40 years of age, 13 444 treatments resulted in 2238 pregnancies given a pregnancy rate per insemination of 16.6%. In women at 40 years or above the corresponding figures were 1335, 89 and 6.7%.

In women below 40, singleton, twin and triplet pregnancies accounted for 88.7, 9.6 and 0.6% of the pregnancies. In women above 40, the corresponding figures were 93.0, 5.8 and 1.2%.


   Discussion
Top
 Abstract
 Introduction
 Materials and methods
 Results
 Discussion
Appendix
 References
 
The present report is the sixth consecutive European report on ART data covering treatment cycles from 1997 to 2002.

In 2002, the number of countries reporting to ESHRE’s EIM Consortium has increased to 25 countries, covering the whole of Western Europe with the exception of Austria who are to join later, and Luxembourg where there is no IVF clinic. In Eastern Europe, the Czech Republic and Latvia, who earlier participated, were unable to provide data from 2002.

For 2002, 13 of the participating countries had a complete coverage in their reporting system, with all clinics in the country reporting: Belgium, Croatia, Denmark, Finland, France, Hungary, Iceland, The Netherlands, Norway, Slovenia, Sweden, Switzerland and the UK. Germany, with almost 85 000 cycles in 2002, is now very close to complete coverage.

The number of reported cycles continues to grow. In 2002, 631 clinics reported 324 238 cycles, compared with 289 690 cycles in 2001, which is an increase by 12%. During the 6-year period of EIM reporting, the number of cycles has increased from 203 893 in 1997 to the 324 238 in 2002, equivalent to an overall increase by 59%. This marked increase during the period is partly because of a better coverage in the reporting systems but is also because of a true expansion of activities.

The analysis of initiated cycles is confronted with several difficulties. In some countries, the number of initiated cycles was not reported at all and, in most of the other countries, the calculated cancellation rate was beneath 10%. This may be an underestimation. There is a real need to improve the collection of cancelled cycles in order to be able to deliver proper information on the results of ART to the patients and to really compare the countries on this variable.

Within Europe, the largest contribution come from Germany with 85 000 treatment cycles followed by France with 60 000 cycles and the UK with 37 000 reported cycles. For comparison, the ASRM/SART registry reported 115 000 cycles from the United States in 2002 (Wright et al., 2005Go).

In southern Europe, a number of countries have a low coverage with 36 out of 185 (Spain), 67 out of 120 (Italy) and 12 out of 50 (Greece) clinics reported to the EIM. Both Italy and Greece have decided to establish compulsory National IVF Registers, which will allow a complete coverage. The situation in Spain is more uncertain.

The availability of services remained highest in Denmark with 2178 cycles per million inhabitants. It was also high in the other Nordic countries (921–1460), Belgium (1241), the Netherlands (1008) and Slovenia (1291). The average number of treatment cycles per million inhabitants was 916 in the 13 countries with complete coverage in their reportings. The proportion of ART children to all children born was again highest in the Nordic countries (2.4–4.2%) and Slovenia (3.5%). In Belgium, the figure (2.1%) is also high, even though some underreporting of deliveries seems to be present in Belgium (Tables VI and VII). In the UK it was 1.4% and in France 1.5%.

The proportion of ICSI versus standard IVF procedures increased from 49% in 2001 to 52%, so on average ICSI was the most frequently applied technique. However, as indicated in Table I, there are many countries where ICSI was much more prevalent than IVF.

The number of embryos transferred in IVF and ICSI cycles differed substantially between countries, also in this report, but there is a clear trend during the years towards transfers with fewer embryos. The mean number of SETs increased from 12.0% in 2001 to 13.7%, whereas the proportion of two embryo transfers increased from 51.7% in 2001 to 54.8% in 2002. The proportion of three embryo transfers decreased from 39.6% in 1999 to 33.3% in 2000, 30.8% in 2001 and 26.9% in 2002. Four embryo transfers also decreased from 9.3% in 1999 to 6.9% in 2000, 5.5% in 2001 and 4.7% in 2002.

The consistent trend towards transfer of less embryos is also reflected in the overall occurrence of multiple deliveries after IVF and ICSI. In 2000, the average multiple delivery rate was 26.9%, declining to 25.5% in 2001 and to 24.5% in 2002. During the 6-year period of EIM reporting, the most remarkable finding regarding multiples has been the reduction in triplet deliveries from 3.6% in 1997, to 2.3% in 1998, 2.3% in 1999, 1.9% in 2000, 1.5% in 2001 and 1.3% in 2002. Still, however, huge differences exist between countries in relation to triplet rates.

Regarding the multiple delivery rates, the number of fetal reductions should also be considered. A total of 461 procedures were reported, the largest numbers being from France (126), the UK (80) and Spain (65). Without this technique, the proportion of triplet deliveries would certainly have been higher, considering that the number of reported reductions is almost as high as the number of recorded triplet deliveries (n = 553, Table X).

Pregnancy rates for IVF, ICSI and FER increased marginally in 2002, compared with earlier years. For IVF the mean pregnancy rate per transfer was 29.5% compared with 29.0% in 2001. For ICSI the mean pregnancy rate was 29.4% compared with 28.3% in 2001. For FER it was 18.4% compared with 16.4% in 2001. The figures from Europe remain lower than in the United States where the 115 392 ART procedures resulted in 33 141 live birth deliveries (Wright et al., 2005Go).

The comparison between pregnancy rate and delivery rate shows that there seems to be a huge variation in abortion rates between countries (Tables VI–GoVIII). This variation is larger that can be biologically explained and raises the question of major differences either in applying the WHO/ESHRE definitions for a clinical pregnancy or in reporting the pregnancy outcomes. This shows the work that has to be done at the international level to be able to make appropriate comparisons between countries.

Altogether, 1563 cycles with PGD/PGS was reported, compared with 882 in 2001, with 543 in 2000 and with 131 in 1999. ESHRE has more comprehensive reporting on PGD by the fifth ESHRE PGD Consortium report, which included a total of 2219 cycles in 2002. The two reporting systems are different, as the PGD Consortium base their reports on detailed data from individual clinics. A comparison indicates that the number of PGD cycles reported to the National registers only include around two-thirds of the activity (ESHRE, 2006Go).

For the second year, the sixth report includes European data on treatments with IUI-H (78 505 cycles) and IUI-D (14 779 cycles). The coverage of IUI activities is probably much less comprehensive than regarding the in vitro techniques. In women below 40 years of age, the pregnancy rate was 11.6% for IUI-H and 16.6% for IUI-D. In women at 40 years or above, the corresponding figures were 6.9 and 6.7%.

After IUI-H in women below 40 years of age, twin pregnancies occurred in only 10.2% and triplet pregnancies in 1.1%. After IUI-D in women below 40, twin pregnancies occurred in 9.6% and triplet pregnancies in 0.6% of the cases. The data suggest that the twinning rates are less that half of what is found with the in vitro techniques, and that the triplets rate is similar.

To summarize, the present sixth ESHRE report on ART for Europe in 2002 shows a continuing expansion of the register regarding participating clinics, countries and the number of treatment cycles reported. The pregnancy rates after IVF and ICSI increased marginally, and less embryos were transferred. After IVF and ICSI, the twinning rates remain stable, but the triplet rates have been reduced markedly from 3.6% in 1997 to 1.3% in 2002. Elective SET still had a minimal overall impact in 2002. Multiple gestations seem to be much less frequent after IUI-H and IUI-D compared with IVF and ICSI.


   Appendix
Top
 Abstract
 Introduction
 Materials and methods
 Results
 Discussion
 Appendix
References
 
Contact persons representing data collection programmes in participating European countries, 2002.

Belgium
Dr Florence Colart-Dragon, Hôpital Erasme—ULB, Politiques et Systèmes de Santé, 808, Route de Lennik, 1070 Brussels, Belgium. Tel.: +32 (0) 2 555 40 85; mobile: +32 (0) 473 66 67 56; e-mail: fcolart{at}ulb.ac.be.

Bulgaria
Prof. Stanimir Kyurkchiev, Inst. Biology & Immunology of Reproduction, Molecular Immunology, 73 Tzaritgradsko shosse, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria. Tel.: +359 (2) 723890; fax: +359 (2) 720925; e-mail: skyurkchiev{at}mail.bg.

Croatia
Dr Branko Radakovic, University Gynaecologic Clinic, Human Reproduction Unit, Petrova 13, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia. Tel.: +385 1 460 47 21; fax: +385 1 460 46 46; e-mail: branko.radakovic{at}zg.htnet.h.

Cyprus
Dr Michael Pelekanos, AKESO FERTILITY CENTER, 1, Pavlou Nirvana Str., 3021 Lemesos, Cyprus. Tel.: +357 25824488; mobile: +357 99645333; fax: +357 25824477; e-mail: pelekanos{at}akeso.com.

Denmark
Dr Karin Erb, Odense University Hospital, Fertility Clinic, Sdr. Boulevard 29, 5000 Odense C, Denmark. Tel.: +45 65 41 23 24; fax: +45 65 90 69 82; e-mail: karin.erb{at}ouh.fyns-amt.dk.

Finland
Dr Aila Tiitinen, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Dept. of Ob/Gyn, P.O. Box 140, 00029 Hus—Helsinki, Finland. Tel.: +358 50 427 1217; fax: +358 9 471 74 801; e-mail: aila.tiitinen{at}hus.fi.

France
Dr Jacques De Mouzon, INSERM U U569, 82, rue Général Leclerc, 94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre Cedex, France. Tel.: +33 1 4521 2338; mobile: +33 6 62 06 22 74; fax: +33 1 4521 2075; e-mail: demouzon{at}vjf.inserm.fr.

Germany
Prof. Dr Ricardo Felberbaum, Klinikum Kempten Oberallgäu gGmbH, Dept. of Ob/Gyn, Robert weixler Straße 50, 87439 Kempten, Germany. Tel.: +49 831 530 3393; fax: +49 831 530 3457; e-mail: ricardo.felberbaum{at}klinikum-kempten.de.

Greece
Prof. Basil C. Tarlatzis, Geniki Kliniki, Infertility & IVF Centre, 2 Gravias Street, 54645 Thessaloniki, Greece. Tel.: +30-231 0866 477 and 0821 681; mobile: +30 694 4315345; fax: +30-231 0821 420; e-mail: tarlatzis{at}hol.gr.

Hungary
Dr Janos Urbancsek, Semmelweis University, 1st Dept. of Ob/Gyn, Baross utca 27, 1088 Budapest, Hungary. Tel.: +36 1 266 01 15; mobile: +36 30 961 14 31; fax: +36 1 266 01 15; e-mail: urbjan{at}noi1.sote.hu.

Iceland
Mr H. Bjorgvinsson, Art Medica, IVF Unit, Baejarlind 12, 201 Kopavogur, Iceland. Tel.: +354 560 11 55; fax: +354 560 14 82; e-mail: hilmar{at}artmedica.is and mcd{at}ferring.com

Ireland
Prof. William Thompson, Royal Maternity Hospital, Grosvenor Road, BT12 6BA Belfast, N. Ireland, Ireland. Tel.: +44 (0) 28 90 634003 and 632506; fax: +44 (0) 28 90 328247; e-mail: w.thompson{at}qub.ac.uk.

Italy
Dr Anna Pia Ferraretti, S.I.S.M.E.R. s.r.l., Via Mazzini 12, 40138 Bologna, Italy. Tel.: +39 051 307 307; fax: +39 051 302 933; e-mail: annapia.ferraretti{at}sismer.it.

Macedonia
Dr Slobodan Lazarevski, SHOG ‘Mala Bogorodica’, Londonska 19, 1000 Skopje, Macedonia. Tel.: +389 2 30 73 335; mobile: +389 70 246 089; fax: +389 2 30 73 398; e-mail: dr.lazarevski{at}mbogorodica.com.mk.

Netherlands
Dr Jan A.M. Kremer, University Hospital (St Radboud), Dept. of Ob/Gyn, Geert Grooteplein 10, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, Netherlands. Tel.: +31 24 361 47 48; fax: +31 24 354 11 94; e-mail: j.kremer{at}obgyn.umcn.nl.

Norway
Dr Johan T. Hazekamp, Volvat Medisinske Senter A.S., P.O. Box 5280 Majorstua, 0303 Oslo, Norway. Tel.: +47 22 95 75 00; fax: +47 22 93 24 02; e-mail: johan.hazekamp{at}volvat.no.

Poland
Mr Waldemar Kuczynski, Medical Akademy I, Dept. of Ob/Gyn, Sklodowska 24a, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland. Tel.: +48 502 273 923; fax: +48 85 744 13 78; e-mail: kuczynsk{at}pb.bialystok.pl.

Portugal
Dr Carlos Calhaz-Jorge, Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, Human Reproduction Unit—Dept. of Ob/Gyn—Hosp. de Santa Maria, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal. Tel.: +351 21 72 64 229; fax: +351 21 71 61 804; e-mail: calhazjorge{at}mail.telepac.pt.

Russia C.I.S.
Dr Vladislav Korsak, Ott Institute, Head of IVF Centre, Mendeleyevskay Liniya 3, Vasilievsky Island, 199034 St-Petersburg, Russia C.I.S. Tel.: +7 812 328 2251; fax: +7 812 328 22 51; e-mail: korsak{at}mcrm.ru.

Slovenia
Dr Tomaz Tomazevic, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Obstetrics Ginecology Reproduction, Slajmerjeva 3, 61000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. Tel.: +386 1 522 60 60 ; fax: +386 1 439 75 90; e-mail: tomaz.tomazevic{at}guest.arnes.si.

Spain
Dr Juana Hernandez Hernandez, Hospital San Millan, Servicio de Ginecologia y Obstetricia, Avda. Autonoma de la Rioja 3, 26001 Logrono, Spain. Tel: +34 94 12 94 500; fax: +34 94 12 94 515; e-mail: jhernandezh{at}telefonica.net.

Sweden
Dr Per-Olof Karlstrom, Akademiska Hospital, Dept. of Ob/Gyn, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden. Tel.: +46 611 2838; fax: +46 211 31611; e-mail: pok.red{at}swipnet.se.

Switzerland
Mr Costanzo Limoni, 6826 Riva S. Vitale, Switzerland. Tel.: +41 91 648 18 75; fax: +41 91 648 18 75; e-mail: alpha5{at}bluewin.ch.

Ukraine
Dr Viktor Veselovskyy, Isida IVF Clinic, Gynaecology Dept., Lepse 6, 03126 Kyiv, Ukraine. Tel.: +380 44 25 12 101; fax: +380 44 25 12 108; e-mail: vessel{at}ihome.net.ua.

UK
Mr Richard Baranowski, Deputy Information Manager, Human Fertilization and Embryology Authority (HFEA), 21 Bloomsbury Street, London WC1B 3HF, UK. Tel.: +44 (0) 20 7539 3329 fax: +44 (0) 20 7377 1871; e-mail: richard.baranowski{at}hfea.gov.uk.

List of participating centers—EIM data collection 2002
Belgium

  • Antwerpen: Algemeen Ziekenhuis Middelheim
  • Braine-L’alleud: C.H. Interregional Edith Cavell (Chirec)
  • Brugge: Algemeen Ziekenhuis St.-Jan
  • Brussels: Akademisch Ziekenhuis (V.U.B); Centre Hospitalier St. Pierre; Cliniques Universitaires St. Luc; Clinique Univ. De Bruxelles—Hopital Erasme
  • Charleroi: Centre Hospitalier Notre-Dame—Reine Fabiola
  • Edegem: Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen
  • Genk: Ziekenhuis Oost—Limburg
  • Gent: Algemeen Ziekenhuis Jan Palfijn; Universitair Ziekenhuis
  • Leuven: Regionaal Ziekenhuis Heilig Hart; Universitaire Ziekenhuizen K.U.L.
  • Libramont: Centre Hospitalier De L’ardenne
  • Liege: Centre Hospitalier Regional De La Citadelle
  • Namur: Centre Hospitalier Regional De Namur
  • Rocourt: Centre Hospitalier St. Vincent & St. Elisabeth

Bulgaria

  • Sofia: IVF Department, 1-st Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology ‘St. Sofia’; IVF Medical centre ‘Todorov Brothers’; Medical Centre ‘Reproductive Health’; Medical Centre ‘Reprobiomed’; Obstetrics and Gynecological Centre ‘Dimitrov
  • Varna: Center of ART, University Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Croatia
Not available

Cyprus

  • Lefkosia: Cyprus Fertility Center
  • Lemesos: Akeso Assisted Reproduction Center
  • Pafos: Iaso Fertility Center

Denmark

  • Aalborg: Faurskov Fertilitet og Ultralyd; Fertilitetsklinikken Aalborg
  • Aarhus: Ciconia Vest; Fertilitetsklinikken Skejby Sygehus; Maigaards Fertilitetsklinik
  • Brædstup: Fertilitetsklinikken Brædstrup Sygehus
  • Copenhagen: Ciconia Øst; Dansk Fertilitetsklinik; Fertilitetsklinikken Helsehuset; Fertilitetsklinikken Herlev Sygehus; Fertilitetsklinikken Hvidovre Hospital; Fertilitetsklinikken Rigshospitalet; Fertilitetsklinikken Trianglen; Gentofte Fertilitetsklinik; Speciallæge praksis, Lygten
  • Holbæk: Fertilitetsklinikken Holbæk Sygehus
  • Horsens: Horsens Fertilitetsklinik
  • Odense: Fertilitetsklinikken Odense Universitetshospital; Odense IVF-Klinik
  • Skive: Fertilitetsklinikken Skive Sygehus; Klinik for Kvindesygdomme og graviditet

Finland

  • Helsinki: Diacor; Family Federation of Finland Helsinki; Felicitas; Fertinova; Helsinki University Central Hospital
  • Joensuu: Northern Carelia Central Hospital
  • Jyväskylä: In-Tiimi Jyväskylä
  • Kuopio: In-Tiimi Kuopio: Kuopio University Central Hospital
  • Lappeenranta: Fermedi
  • Oulu: Family Federation of Finland Oulu; Oulu University Central Hospital
  • Tampere: AVA Tampere; Tampere University Central Hospital
  • Turku: AVA Turku; Family Federation of Finland Turku; Turku University Central Hospital

France

  • Amiens: Centre Picard; CHU
  • Angers: CHR
  • Aubervilliers: La Roseraie
  • Avignon: Urbain V
  • Bagnolet: La Dhuys
  • Bayonne: Lafargue
  • Besancon: CHU; Franche-Comté
  • Blanc Mesnil: Clinique
  • Bois-Guillaume: Saint Antoine
  • Bondy: Jean Verdier
  • Bordeaux: Pellegrin CHU
  • Brest: CHU; Pasteur
  • Bruges: Jean Villar
  • Caen: CHRU
  • Cayenne: CHG
  • Chambray-Les-Tours: Parc Clinique
  • Charleville-Mezieres: CH
  • Clamart: Antoine Béclère
  • Clermont-Ferrand: CHU
  • Cormeilles En Parisis: Clinique
  • Courbevoie: CH-La Défense
  • Dijon: CHR
  • Dreux: CH
  • Epinal: Arc en ciel
  • Equeudreville: Cotentin
  • Fort De France: Sainte Marie
  • Grenoble: Belledonne; CHU
  • Guilherand: Granges Pasteur
  • Le Chesnay: Parly II
  • Le Havre: CH
  • Le Mans: Tertre Rouge
  • Lens: CH
  • Le Port: Jeanne d’Arc
  • Lille: Polyclinique du Bois; CHU
  • Limoges: CHRU
  • Lorient: CH
  • Lyon Bron: Ste Marie-Thérèse; CHU; Montplaisir; Tonkin
  • Marseille: Conception; Saint Joseph; IMR-Bouchard
  • Metz: Sainte Croix
  • Montpellier: CHU; Saint Roch
  • Mulhouse: Diaconat
  • Nancy: CHU; Majorelle
  • Nantes: CHU; St Herblain/Atlantique
  • Neuilly: Chérest; Hôpital Américain
  • Nice: CHU; Saint Georges
  • Nimes: CHRU
  • Paris: Bichat; Cochin; Diaconesses; Les Bluets; La Muette; Montsouris; Pitié Salpétrière; Saint Vincent de Paul; Tenon
  • Pau: Lagrange
  • Perigueux: Francheville
  • Perpignan: Saint Pierre
  • Poissy: CHI
  • Poitiers: CHU
  • Reims: CHU; Courlancy
  • Rennes: CHRU Sud; La Sagesse
  • Roanne: CH
  • Rouen: CHU
  • Saint Etienne: CHU; Michelet
  • Saint-Jean: L’Union et le Vaurais
  • Saint-Saulve: Le Parc
  • Schiltigheim: CMCO
  • Sevres: J. Rostand
  • Toulon: Saint Michel
  • Toulouse: CHU; Saint Jean Languedoc
  • Tours: CHU
  • Vitry Sur Seine: Les Noriets

Germany

  • Aachen: Frauenarztpraxis mit Schwerpunkt Gynäkologische Endokrinologie und Reproduktionsmedizin, Dr med. K.-M. Grunwald; Universitäts-Frauenklinik für Gynäkologische Endokrinologie und Reproduktionsmedizin, Medizinische Fakultät der RWTH Aachen, Prof. Dr med. J. Neulen
  • Aalen: IVF-Zentrum Aalen, Dr med. Rainer Rau
  • Augsburg: IVF-Zentrum Augsburg, Gemeinschaftspraxis, Dr med. Dr rer. nat. Warnecke, Dr med. K.-F. Hiller, Dr med. T.H. Bauer, Dr med. H. Kraus
  • Bad Münder: Zentrum für IVF und Reproduktionsmedizin, Deutsche Klinik Bad Münder, Dres. Bispink, Chandra, Kast, Braulke, Schneider
  • Bayreuth: IVF-Zentrum Bayreuth im Klinikum Bayreuth, Gemeinschaftspraxis Dr med. S. Todorow, Dr med. E. Schwarz
  • Bedburg/Erft: Dr med. Dieter Struller, Facharzt für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe
  • Berlin: Campus Charité Mitte, Klinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Reproduktionsmedizin und Gynäkologie, Dr B. Pfüller, Dr I. Schreiber; Charité, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Klinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Reproduktionsmedizin, Dr med. B. Pfüller, Dr med. A. Jantke, Dr H. Schmiady; Dr med. Matthias Bloechle und Dr med. Silke Marr; Fertility Center Berlin, Prof. Dr med. H. Kentenich, Dr med. G. Stief, Dr med. A. Tandler-Schneider; Frauenarztpraxis Dr med. Milan Stoyanov; Gemeinschaftspraxis Dr med. K. Moeller, Dr med. P. Rott, S. Kühlcke, Dr med. H. Altinöz; Gemeinschaftspraxis im Lützow Center, Reproduktionsmedizinisches Zentrum, Dr med. Detlef H.G. Temme, Dr med. Rolf Metzger; Kinderwunschzentrum am Innsbrucker Platz, Babette Remberg, Dr med. Susanne Tewordt-Thyselius; Praxisklinik für Fertilität, Dr med. David J. Peet, Dr med. Peter Sydow, Dr med. Carmen Sydow, Dr med. U. Bergmann-Hensel; Praxis Dr med. Reinhard Hannen, Andrea Kerle; Zentrum für Reproduktionsmedizin Helle Mitte, Dr med. M. Zaghloul-Abu Dakah, Swetlana Hoffmann
  • Bielefeld: Bielefeld Fertility-Center, Gemeinschaftspraxis Paul A. Ebert, Dr med. Karl Völklein; BIF—Bielefelder Institut für Fortpflanzungsmedizin der Städtischen Kliniken Bielefeld-Rosenhöhe, Leitung: Dr med. Beate Harms
  • Bonn: Abteilung für Gynäkologische Endokrinologie und Reproduktionsmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Prof. Dr med. Hans H. van der Ven; Praxisklinik für Gynäkologische Endokrinologie und Reproduktionsmedizin, PD Dr med. Gernot Prietl
  • Bremen: Bremer Zentrum für Fortpflanzungsmedizin (BZF) in der Frauenklinik des Ev. Diakonie-Krankenhauses gGmbH, Prof. Dr Ernst Heinrich Schmidt, Dr Olaf Drost; Zentrum für Kinderwunschbehandlung Bremen, Dr A. von Stutterheim, Dr C. Clasing
  • Cottbus: Carl-Thiem-Klinikum Cottbus, Bereich Reproduktionsmedizin und Gynäkologische Endokrinologie, Prof. Dr med. H.-H. Riedel
  • Darmstadt: Reproduktionsmedizinisches und Endometriose Zentrum Darmstadt, Frauenklinik des Klinikum Darmstadt, Prof. Dr G. Leyendecker
  • Deggendorf: Gemeinschaftspraxis Dres. Kroiss und Bernhardt
  • Dortmund: Gemeinschaftspraxis Dres. med. S. Dieterle/A. Neuer
  • Dresden: Praxis Dr med. H.J. Held; Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Prof. Dr med. W. Distler, Dr rer. nat. G. Keck
  • Düsseldorf: Gemeinschaftspraxis Dr (B) Hugo Verhoeven, Dr med. Michael Scholtes, Dipl.-med. Kersten Marx, Dr med. Martina Behler, Dr med. Manfred Schulte; Städt. Kliniken Düsseldorf gGmbH, Frauenklinik Benrath, Abteilung für Reproduktionsmedizin und Gynäkologische Endokrinologie, Prof. Dr G. Freundl, Dr A. Klose; Universitätsfrauenklinik der Heinrich-Heine-Universität-Düsseldorf, Prof. Dr H.G. Bender, PD Dr J. Krüssel
  • Erlangen: Dr J. van Uem; Gemeinschaftspraxis der Frauenärzte Dr M. Hamori, Dr R. Behrens, Dr A. Hammel; Universitätsfrauenklinik Erlangen, Dr Ralf Dittrich, Dr med. Binder
  • Essen: NOVUM—Zenrum für Reproduktionsmedizin Essen, Gemeinschaftspraxis Dr med. Thomas Katzorke, Dr med. Dirk Propping, Dr med. Susanne Wohlers
  • Esslingen: IVF-Zentrum Esslingen, Dr med. J.E. Costea; Städtische Frauenklinik, Prof. Dr med. Mickan
  • Frankfurt/Main: IVF Zentrum Frankfurt, Schwerpunkt Gynäkologische Endokrinologie und Reproduktionsmedizin, Universitäts-Frauenklinik; Krankenhaus Nordwest, Frauenklinik/Zentrum für Reproduktionsmedizin, Prof. Dr E. Merz, Dr M. Amrani, Frau Dr Mettlin
  • Freiburg: Frauenklinik der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, PD Dr med. C. Keck; Gemeinschaftspraxis Dr Weitzell, Dr M. Thiemann, Prof. Dr F. Geisthövel
  • Gelsenkirchen: Schwerpunkt Kinderwunschtherapie, Wissenschaftspark Gelsenkirchen, Dr med. Ute Czeromin, Dr med. Ina Walter-Göbel
  • Gießen: Arbeitsgruppe Endokrinologie, Fortpflanzungsmedizin und Mikrochirurgie der Justus-Liebig-Universität, Prof. Dr W. Künzel, Prof. Dr W. Weidner; Centrum für In-Vitro-Fertilisation, Prof. Dr med. Tinneberg
  • Göttingen: Dr Monica Tobler, Fachärztin für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe; Georg-August—Universität, Klinik für Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe, Prof. Dr med. Dr Bernd Hinney; Gemeinschaftspraxis, Dr Peter Böhm, Dr Sabine Hübner, Dr Rüdiger Moltrecht, Dr Christine Noeldechen, Dr Stephanie Mittmann; Klinik für Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe der Georg-Augist-Universität, Prof. Dr med. B. Hinney
  • Greifswald: Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität, Frauen- und Poliklinik, Dr S. Möller
  • Grevenbroich: Gemeinschaftspraxis Dr Tigges, Dr Kaiser, Dr Tuchel
  • Haan: Gynäkologisch-Geburtshilfliche Abteilung Gynäkologische Endokrinologie/Reproduktionsmedizin, St. Josef Krankenhaus GmbH, Dr med. Thomas Bremen, Dr rer. nat. Uwe Weidner
  • Halle/Saale: Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Klinik und Poliklinik für Geburtshilfe und Reproduktionsmedizin, Prof. Dr med. habil. F. Röpke, Dr med. Petra Kaltwasser, Dr rer. nat. E. Seliger
  • Hamburg: Fertility Center Hamburg, Praxisklink Fischer, Naether, Rudolf; Gynäkologicum Hamburg, Praxis für gyn. Endokrinologie und Reproduktionsmedizin, Bispink, Horn, Michel & Seeler; Endokrinologikum Hamburg, Schulte, Ludwig&Partner; Praxis BKS, Prof. Dr med. H.G. Bohnet, PD Dr med. U.A. Knuth, PD Dr med. M.A. Graf; Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Abt. für gynäkologische Endokrinologie und Reproduktionsmedizin, Prof. Dr W. Braendle; KinderWunschZentrum Hamburg, Dr Semsettin Kocak
  • Hannover: Frauenklinik der MHH am Oststadtkrankenhaus, Prof. Dr H.W. Schlösser; Gynäkologische Gemeinschaftspraxis, Dr M. Müseler-Albers, H.P. Arendt, Dr K. Bühler
  • Heidelberg: Kinderwunschzentrum Heidelberg, Dres. Maletz-Kehry, Parta, Hinderer,Tesarz; Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Abt. Gynäkologische Endokrinologie und Fertilisationsstörungen, Kinderwunsch-Sprechstunde, Prof. Dr T. Strowitzki, Dr Daniela Seehaus
  • Hildesheim: Zentrum für Reproduktionsmedizin und Humangenetik Hildesheim, Dr F.-J. Algermissen, Dr P.F. Justus, Dr G. Wilke, Dr N. Graf
  • Homburg: Universitätskliniken des Saarlandes, Frauenklinik und Poliklinik, Prof. Dr Dr’s h.c. mult. W. Schmidt, Dr P. Rosenbaum, Dr H.E. Hammadeh, Dr C. Claußen, Dr Riepen
  • Jena: Klinikum der FSU Jena, Klinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, PD Dr med. W. Starker, Dr rer. nat. I. Hoppe; Gemeinschaftspraxis Fritzsche—Reiher—Hoffmann
  • Karlsruhe: Karlsruher IVF-Programm, Dr V. Wetzel, H.J. Gräber, E. Wetzel, Dr F. Tetens, Dr G. Zoulek
  • Kiel: Fertility Center Kiel, Dr med. Kurt Brandenburg; Universitäts-Frauenklinik der Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, Prof. Dr med. L. Mettler, Dr med. A. Schmutzler
  • Köln: Krankenhaus Porz am Rhein, Frauenklinik, Prof. Dr K.-H. Broer; PAN Klinik am Neumarkt, Dr S. Palm, Dr V. Sasse, Dr I. Pütz; Praxis für Kinderwunschbehandlung Dr med. S. Eren; Universitäts-Frauenklinik Köln, OÄ PD Dr med. Dolores Foth
  • Leipzig: Praxisklinik Reproduktionsmedizin und Gynäkologische Endokrinologie, Dr med. F.A. Hmeidan, Dr med. P. Jogschies, Dr med. A. Gabert; Universitätsfrauenklinik, Zentrum für Reproduktionsmedizin und Gynäkologische Endokrinologie, Prof. Dr med. H. Alexander
  • Lübeck: Universitätsklinikum Lübeck, Klinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Prof. Dr K. Diedrich
  • Magdeburg: Klinik für Reproduktionsmedizin und Gynäkologische Endokrinologie, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Prof. Dr med. J. Kleinstein, Dr med. I. Nickel
  • Marburg: Klinik für Gynäkologie, Gynäkologische Endokrinologie und Onkologie der Philipps-Universität Marburg, Prof. Dr U. Wagner, Dr med. Karin Bock
  • Mannheim: Universitätsfrauenklinik, Klinikum Mannheim gGmbH, Prof. Dr F. Melchert, PD Dr M. Weigel
  • Minden: Gemeinschaftspraxis Dr med. Onno Buurman, Dr med. Michael Dumschat, Dr med. Barbara Heidecker, Fachärzte für Frauenheilkunde
  • Mönchengladbach: Zentrum für Kinderwunschbehandlung, Gemeinschaftspraxis Dr med. Georg Döhmen, Dr med. Thomas Schalk
  • Mühlheim a. d. Ruhr: Ev. Krankenhaus Mühlheim an der Ruhr, Frauenklinik und Zentrum für Reproduktionsmedizin, Prof. Dr H. von Matthiessen
  • München: Hormonzentrum München, PD Dr med. A. Römmler, Dr med. H. Lacher, Dr med. J. Puchta, Dr med. M. Conrad; Kinderwunsch Centrum München an der Frauenklinik Dr Wilhelm Krüsmann, Gynäkologische Endokrinologie und Sterilitätsmedizin, Dr med. Klaus Fiedler, Dr med. Irene von Hertwig, Dr med. Gottfried Krüsmann, Prof. Dr med. Wolfgang Würfel; Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Klinikum der Universität München-Grosshadern, Prof. Dr med. C.J. Thaler, Prof. Dr med. H. Hepp; Gemeinschaftspraxis Prof. Dr med. Dieter Berg, Dr med. Bernd Lesoine; Zentrum für Reproduktionsmedizin, Dr med. Walter Bollmann, Dr med. Thomas Brückner, Dr med. Ulrich Noss
  • Münster: Gemeinschaftspraxis Dr Dr med. Lutz Belkien, PD Dr med. Bernd Krause; Universitätsklinikum Münster, Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Dr med. Robert B. Greb, Prof. Dr Ludwig Kiesel, Institut für Reproduktionsmedizin, Prof. Dr med. Eberhard Nieschlag
  • Neubrandenburg: Dietrich Bonhoeffer Klinikum Neubrandenburg, Klinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Prof. Dr med. R. Sudik
  • Neuwied: Gemeinschaftspraxis Dr Beran & Dr Müller
  • Nürnberg: Reproduktionsmedizinische Praxis Dr med. J. Neuwinger & Dr med. B. Munzer-Neuwinger
  • Oldenburg: Dr med. Saif Jibril, Facharzt für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe; Tagesklinik für Operative Gynäkologie Oldenburg, Dr med. Jörg Hennefründ, Dr med. Heike Ochs-Ring, Dr med. Michael Heeder
  • Osnabrück: Kinderwunschzentrum Osnabrück, Dres. med. Irene Coordes, Doris Proffen, Manfred Schneider
  • Pforzheim: Zentrum für Reproduktionsmedizin in der Centralklinik, Dr med. R.-P. Stein
  • Prien am Chiemsee: Priener Zentrum für Reproduktionsmedizin, Dr med. Mathias Lehnert, PD Dr Dr med. Rainer Steldinger, Dr med. Susann Böhm, Dr med. (Univ. Izmir) Cenan Cevatli, Dr med. Wolfgang Lehnert
  • Regensburg: Zentrum für Gynäkologische Endokrinologie und Reproduktionsmedizin, Prof. Dr med. Bernd Seifert, PD Dr med. Monika Bals-Pratsch
  • Remscheid: Gynäkologische Endokrinologie und Reproduktionsmedizin am Klinikum Remscheid, Dr Johannes Luckhaus
  • Rostock: Universitäts-Frauenklinik Rostock, Reproduktionsmedizin, PD Dr med. H. Müller
  • Saarbrücken: Gemeinschaftspraxis Dr med. Jens Happel, Dr med. Michael Thaele, Dr med. Lars Happel
  • Schwäbisch Gmünd: Klinikum Schwäbisch Gmünd, Margariten Hospital, Geburtshilfe/Fortpflanzungsmedizin
  • Schwerin: Medizinisches Zentrum der Landeshauptstadt Schwerin, Klinikum Schwerin, Prof. Dr med. E. Petri, Dr F. Thielemann
  • Stuttgart: Dr med. Fred Maleika; Praxis Villa Haag, Dr D.B. Mayer-Eichberger, geburtshilfliche Reproduktionsmedizin; Tagesklinik für Reproduktionsmedizin, Univ.-Prof. Dr med. Ute Fuchs
  • Tübingen: Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Frauenklinik, Schwerpunkt Gynäkologische Endokrinologie und Reproduktionsmedizin, PD Dr P. Licht, Dr R. Emig
  • Ulm: IVF-Zentrum Ulm, Dr F. Gagsteiger, Reproduktionsmedizin; Praxisklinik Frauenstraße, Abteilung Kinderwunsch, Prof. Dr med. Karl Sterzik, Dr Erwin Strehler; Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Zentrum für Reproduktionsmedizin und Gynäkologische Endokrinologie, Prof. Dr C. Brucker
  • Viernheim: PD Dr med. Stefanie Volz-Köster, Fachärztin für Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe
  • Wiesbaden: Zentrum für Reproduktionsmedizin, Dr med. Th. Hahn, Dr med. M. Schorsch
  • Würzburg: Gemeinschaftspraxis Dr med. R. Mai, Dr med. Wolfgang Schmitt; Universitäts-Frauenklinik Würzburg, Dr med. Silke Blissing

Greece

  • Athens: AKESO IVF Center; IVF Center ‘Neogenesis’; IVF Center Iatriki Erevna; Unit for Reproductive Medicine; IVF Center Euromedica; Fertility Institute
  • Alexandroupolis: Unit for Assisted Reproduction ‘Embryokosmogenesis
  • Larissa: Center of Infertility ‘Goniki’; IVF Center
  • Thessaloniki: IVF and Infertility Center, Interbalkan Medical Center; Infertility & IVF Center, Geniki Kliniki; IVF Center, Tatiana Clinik

Hungary

  • Budapest: 1st Department of OB/GYN, Semmelweis University of Medicine; Department of OB/GYN, ‘Nyiro Gyula’ Hospital; Department of OB/GYN, St. John’s Hospital, Kaali Institute, Devai Institute, Forgacs Institute
  • Debrecen: Department of OB/GYN, Debrecen University of Medicine
  • Gyõr: Kaali Institute
  • Pécs: Department of OB/GYN, Pécs University of Medicine
  • Szeged: Kaali Institute
  • Tapolca: Pannon Institute for Reproduction

Iceland

  • Reykjavik: IVF Unit, Department of OB/GYN, National University Hospital, Landspitali

Ireland (Republic of)

  • Clane: Assisted Conception Unit, Clane General Hospital, Clane, Co Kildare
  • Dublin: HARI Unit, Rotunda Hospital Dublin
  • Galway: Maternity Department, University College Hospital, Galway

Italy

  • Abano Terme (PD): Casa di Cura Abano Terme
  • Ancona: Ospedale Salesi
  • Bari: Clinica Santa Maria; Studio Medico ‘San Luca’; Studio Associato CECOS; University of Bari
  • Bergamo: Ospedali Riuniti
  • Bologna: SISMER; Tecnobios
  • Bolzano: Ospedale di Bolzano
  • Brescia: Istituto Città di Brescia
  • Bressanone(BZ): Ospedale di Bressanone
  • Brunico (BZ): Ospedale di Brunico
  • Cagliari: Ospedale Regionale Microcitemie
  • Castellana Grotte (BA): IRCCS
  • Catania: CRA
  • Fermo (AP): Istituto Palmatea
  • Firenze: Università di Firenze; Centro Futura
  • Fossano (CN): Ospedale di Fossano
  • Genova: Università di Genova; Biotech
  • Lecce: Centro Procreazione Assistita
  • Lugo di Romagna (RA): Ospedale Civile
  • Merano (BZ): Ospedale Civile
  • Messina: Centro di Riproduzione Umana
  • Mestre (VE): ARC-STER
  • Milano: Fondazione S. Raffaele del Monte Tabor
  • Modena: Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia
  • Monza (MI): Centri di Medicina della Riproduzione ‘Biogenesi’
  • Napoli: Centro Mediterraneo di Fecondazione Assistita; BDR*
  • Oderzo (TV): Centro PMA
  • Padova: Studio Gemma; Euganea Medica
  • Palermo: Centro ‘Andros’; Centro di Biologia della Riproduzione; Centro Genesi
  • Parma: CIR; Università di Parma
  • Pesaro: Centro Salus
  • Pescara: Villa Serena
  • Pieve di Cadore(BL): Ospedale Civile
  • Pisa: Casa di Cura S. Rossore; Università di Pisa
  • Pordenone: Ospedale S.M. degli Angeli
  • Rimini: Ospedale ‘Infermi’ di Rimini
  • Roma: European Hospital; Centro RAPRUI; Università ‘La Sapienza’; CIPA
  • Rozzano (MI): Istituto Clinico Humanitas
  • Salerno: CMR; H.F.T.
  • Sassari: Università di Sassari
  • Sora (FR): Centro STS
  • Torino: Centro LIVET; Ospedale S. Anna; ARTES; Centro Diagnosi e Cura dell’Infertilità di Coppia
  • Trecenta (RO): Ospedale di Trecenta
  • Udine: Policlinico Città di Udine

*Laboratory unit collecting data from five clinical units.

Macedonia
Not available

Netherlands

  • Amsterdam: Academisch Medisch Centrum, Vrije Universiteit Medisch Centrum
  • Eindhoven: Catharina Ziekenhuis
  • Groningen: Academisch Ziekenhuis Groningen
  • Leiden: Leids Universitair Medisch Centrum, Stichting Medisch Centrum voor Geboorteregeling
  • Maastrict: Academisch Ziekenhuis Maastricht
  • Nijmegen: Universitair Medisch Centrum St Radboud
  • Rotterdam: Erasmus Medical centre
  • Tilburg: St. Elisabeth Ziekenhuis
  • Utrecht: Universitair Medisch Centrum
  • Voorburg: Reiner de Graaf Groep
  • Zwolle: Isala Klinieken

Norway

  • Bergen: Haukeland Universitetssykehus
  • Haugesund: Haugesund Sjukehus
  • Oslo: Rikshospitalet; Omnia; Ullevål Universitetssykehus; Volvat Medisinske Senter
  • Porsgrunn: Sykehuset Telemark HF
  • Trondheim: Fertilitetsklinikken; St. Olavs Hospital
  • Tromsø: Universitetssykehus Nord Norge

Poland

  • Bialystok: Department of Gynecology, Medical University of Bialystok; Center for Reproductive Medicine ‘Kriobank’
  • Bytom: I-st Chair&Clin. OB/GYN, Silesian Medical Academy
  • Gdansk: ‘Invicta’ Fertility Center
  • Lodz: ‘Gameta’ Fertility Center
  • Lublin: Department of Reproduction and Andrology, Medical University of; ‘AB OVO’, NZOZ Centrum Zdrowia Rodziny
  • Myslowice: ‘Novomedica’ Klinika Leczenia Nieplodnosci
  • Poznan: Division of Infertility and Reproductive Endocrinology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences; Clinic of Infertility ‘Intermedica’ Szczecin: Clinic for Reproduction and Gynecology, Pomeranian Medical University
  • Warsaw: I-st Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Warsaw; Private Infertility Clinic ‘Novum’; Private Gynaecological Clinic of Reproduction ‘Germen’
  • Wroclaw: Niepubliczny Zaklad Opieki Zdrowotnej POLAK s.c.

Portugal

  • Guimarães: Hospital N. S. da Oliveira
  • Espinho: COGE
  • Coimbra: FERTICENTRO
  • Lisboa: Ava Clinic; British Hospital; CEMEARE; CLIFER; CLINDIGO; Hospital de Santa Maria; Maternidade Dr Alfredo da Costa
  • Oporto: Centro de Genética Prof. Alberto Barros; CETI; Hospital de Santo António
  • Vila Nova de Gaia: Centro Hospitalar

Russia C.I.S.

  • Astrakhan: Center for Family Planning and Reproduction
  • Cheboksary: Republican Center for Family Planning and Reproduction, Ministry of Health Chuvashia Republic
  • Ekaterinburg: Center of Family medicine; Center for rehabilitation of infringements of reproductive function
  • Kislovodsk: Medical Center ‘Elorma’
  • Krasnoyarsk: Center for Reproductive Medicine
  • Moscow: IVF Department of Sechenov Medical Academia; Medical Center for ART; Medical Center ‘The Medicine’; Center for Family Planning and Reproduction, IVF Department; Center for Infertility Treatment ‘IVF’; Center ‘Lera’; Medical clinic of reproduction ‘MAMA’; Clinic of reproduction ‘Test tube baby’; Medical Center for Infertility Treatment ‘Embryon’; Medical Center ‘Moskvorechye’; Center of reproductive gynecology
  • Nignekamsk: Center for Family Planning and Reproduction, IVF Department
  • Nigny Novgorod: Center for Family Planning and Reproduction
  • Novokuzneck: Zone center of perinatology
  • Novosibirsk: Medical Center ‘Avicenna’
  • Rostov-Don: Center of Human Reproducton and IVF
  • Samara: Medical Company ‘IDK’
  • Saratov: Region Center for Family Planning and Reproduction
  • St. Petersburg: International Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ob/Gyn Ott Institute; Center for Family Planning, Pushkinsky District; Russian-Finnish Medical Center ‘AVA-Peter’; Baltic Institute of Human Reproductology
  • Surgut: Clinical center of perinatology, IVF Department
  • Tomsk: The Siberian institute of Human reproduction
  • Tumen: Center for Reproductive Medicine ‘Mercury’; Medical Center ‘Malysh’
  • Vladikavkaz: Region Center for Family Planning and Reproduction
  • Vladivostok: Medical Center for IVF ‘Santa Maria’
  • Voroneg: Region Center for Family Planning and Reproduction, IVF Department

Slovenia

  • Ljubljana: University Medical Centre, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Reproductive Unit
  • Maribor: Maribor Teaching Hospital, Department of Gynaecology, Reproductive Unit
  • Postojna: Women Hospital Postojna, IVF Unit

Spain

  • Albacete: Hospital General de Albacete
  • Alicante: Hospital General de Elche
  • Barcelona: CIRH (Centro de Infertilidad y Reproducción Humana, Dr Brassesco), Clínica Alianza Vic, Centro Ginecológico Gine-3, Instituto Pous, Hospital Clínico, Instituto Dexeus
  • Burgos: Hospital General de Yagüe
  • Cáceres: Hospital Ciudad de Coria
  • Cadiz: Gestimédica, Políclinica San Mauricio
  • Canarias: Instituto Canario de Infertilidad, Hospital Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria
  • Castellón: IVI Castellón
  • Cordoba: Clinica BAU
  • La Coruña: Iraga
  • La Rioja: Hospital San Millán-San Pedro de Logroño, Centro Ginecológico Manzanera
  • Madrid: Fundación Jiménez Díaz, FIV Madrid, Clínica Tambre, URH García del Real, Centro Ginecológico Sojo, Hospital Madrid-Montepríncipe, Hospital Santa Cristina, Centro Médico Sagasta, FIV Center, IVI Madrid
  • Malaga: Centro de Reproducción Asistida de Marbella, Hospital Materno-Infantil, Clínica Huéscar, Roquetas FIV
  • Mallorca: Instituto Balear de Infertilidad
  • Oviedo: Hospital Central de Asturias
  • Pontevedra: Centro Médico Pintado
  • Santander: Residencia de Cantabria
  • Sevilla: Hospital Universitario Virgen de Valmes
  • Tarragona: Biogest, Instituto Marqués Tarragona
  • Toledo: Hospital Virgen de la Salud
  • Valencia: IVI Valencia, Hospital La Fe, IMER, Policlínico de Valencia
  • Valladolid: Clínica Recoletos
  • Vizcaya: Hospital de Cruces de Barakaldo
  • Zaragoza: Hospital Miguel Servet

Sweden

  • Falun: IVF unit, Falun Hospital
  • Göteborg: Fertility center, Carlanderska Hospital, Sahlgrenska University Hospital
  • Linköping: IVF unit, Linköping University Hospital
  • Malmö: Curakliniken, Öresundskliniken
  • Stockholm: IVF Stockholm; St Görans Hospital; IVF unit, Huddinge University Hospital; IVF unit, Sophiahemmet; Lucinakliniken; Reproductive Medicine Center, Karolinska Univerity Hospital
  • Umeå: IVF unit, Norrlands Universitetssjukhus
  • Uppsala: Carl von Linne Kliniken; Reproduktionscentrum, Academic Hospital
  • Örebro: IVF unit, Örebro University Hospital

Switzerland

  • Baden: Reproduktionsmedizinisches Zentrum Kantonsspital
  • Basel: IVF-ICSI Zenter Institut Dr Viollier; Universitäts-Frauenklinik, Abt. für gynäkologische Endokrinologie und Reproduktionsmedizin
  • Bellinzona: ProCrea, Centro Fertilità della Svizzera Italiana
  • Bern: Lindenhofspital, IVF-Labor; Universitätsfrauenklinik, Abt. für Gynäkologie, IVF und Reproduktionsmedizin, Inselspital
  • Frauenfeld-Kreuzlingen: IVF Zenter ILAMED
  • Genève: Centre Privé de Procréation Médicalement assistée de la Clinique de Champel Elysée; Hôpital Universitaire, Clinique et Policlinique de Stérilité et d’Endocrinologie Gynécologique
  • Lausanne: CHUV, Unité de Médecine de la Reproduction et d’Endocrinologie Gynécologique; Centre Vanderlick-Montchoisi; Centre de Procréation Médicalement Assistée: Dr J. Dequesne
  • Locarno: Centro Cantonale di Infertilità, Servizio di Endocrinologia Ginecologica
  • Luzern: Kantonalspital, Sterilitätssprechstunde Frauenklinik, IVF-ICSI Labor
  • Schaffhausen-Zürich: Zentrum für Reproduktionsmedizin, Dr P Fehr, Dr Singer
  • St Gallen: Fachinstitut der Ostschweiz für Reproduktionsmedizin und Gynäkologische Endokrinologie
  • Winterthur: Dr R. Köppel
  • Zollikerberg: IVF Zürich
  • Zürich: Universitätsspital, Klinik für Endocrinologie
  • Zürich: GYN-A.R.T. AG

Ukraine
Not available

UK

  • Aberdeen: University of Aberdeen
  • Airdrie: Lanarkshire Acute Hospital NHS Trust
  • Aldridge: Midland Fertility Services
  • Bath: Bath Assisted Conception Clinic
  • Belfast: Origin Fertility Care; Regional Fertility Centre, Belfast
  • Birmingham: Birmingham Women’s Hospital; BMI Priory Hospital
  • Bishop Auckland: Bishop Auckland General Hospital
  • Brentwood: Brentwood Fertility Centre
  • Bristol: BUPA Hospital Bristol (now closed); Centre for Reproductive Medicine, University of Bristol; Southmead Hospital
  • Buckhurst Hill: Essex Fertility Centre
  • Burton Upon Trent: Burton Hospitals NHS Trust
  • Cambridge: Bourn Hall Clinic
  • Canterbury: BMI The Chaucer Hospital
  • Cardiff: Cardiff Assisted Reproduction Unit
  • Colchester: Isis Fertility Centre
  • Coventry: Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Coventry
  • Darlington: Cromwell IVF and Fertility Centre, Darlington
  • Derby: Derby City General Hospital
  • Dorchester: The Winterbourne Hospital
  • Dundee: Ninewells Hospital
  • Eastbourne: Esperance Private Hospital
  • Edinburgh: Edinburgh Assisted Conception Unit
  • Exeter: Peninsular Centre for Reproductive Medicine
  • Gateshead: Centre for Assisted Reproduction, Gateshead
  • Glasgow: BMI Ross Hall Hospital (now closed); Glasgow Nuffield Hospital; Glasgow Royal Infirmary
  • Goreleston on Sea: Subfertility Unit, James Paget Healthcare NHS Tru