Human Reproduction, Vol 12, 2123-2128, Copyright © 1997 by Oxford University Press
A Juul, T Scheike, AT Pedersen, KM Main, AM Andersson, LM Pedersen and NE Skakkebaek
Few studies exist on the physiological changes in the concentrations of
growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factors (IGF) and IGF-binding
proteins (IGFBP) within the menstrual cycle, and some controversy remains.
We therefore decided to study the impact of endogenous sex steroids on the
GH-IGF-IGFBP axis during the ovulatory menstrual cycle in 10 healthy women
(aged 18-40 years). Blood sampling and urinary collection was performed
every morning at 0800 h for 32 consecutive days. Every second day the
subjects were fasted overnight before blood sampling. Follicle stimulating
hormone, luteinizing hormone (LH), oestradiol, progesterone, IGF-I,
IGFBP-3, sex hormone-binding globulin, dihydroepiandrosterone sulphate and
GH were determined in all samples, whereas insulin and IGFBP-1 were
determined in fasted samples only. Serum IGF-I concentrations showed some
fluctuation during the menstrual cycle, with significantly higher values in
the luteal phase compared to the proliferative phase (P < 0.001). Mean
individual variation in IGF-I concentrations throughout the menstrual cycle
was 13.2% (SD 4.3; range 0.1-18.3%). There were no cyclic changes in
IGFBP-3 serum concentrations and no differences in IGFBP-3 concentrations
between the luteal and the proliferative phases. Mean individual variation
in IGFBP- 3 concentrations throughout the menstrual cycle was 8.8% (SD 2.7;
range 3.2-14.1). IGFBP-1 concentrations were inversely associated with
insulin concentrations, and showed a significant pre-ovulatory increase
that returned to baseline at the day of the LH surge. Fasting insulin
concentrations showed large fluctuations throughout the menstrual cycle
without any distinct cyclic pattern. No cyclic changes in urinary GH
excretion during menstrual cycle were detected. We conclude that, although
IGF-I concentrations are dependent on the phase of the menstrual cycle, the
variation in IGF-I concentrations throughout the menstrual cycle is
relatively small. Therefore, the menstrual cycle does not need to be
considered when evaluating IGF-I or IGFBP-3 serum values in women suspected
to have GH deficiency.
ARTICLES
Changes in serum concentrations of growth hormone, insulin, insulin- like growth factor and insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins 1 and 3 and urinary growth hormone excretion during the menstrual cycle
Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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