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Human Reproduction, Vol. 14, No. 6, 1478-1482, June 1999
© 1999 European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology

Is glycosylated haemoglobin a marker of fertility? A follow-up study of first-pregnancy planners

Niels Henrik I. Hjollund1,4, Tina Kold Jensen2, Jens Peter E. Bonde1, Tine Brink Henriksen3, Anna-Maria Andersson2, Niels Erik Skakkebæk2 and The Danish First Pregnancy Planner Study Team

1 Department of Occupational Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Norrebrogade 44, 8000 Aarhus, 2 Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen and 3 Perinatal Epidemiological Research Unit, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

We performed a follow-up study of time to pregnancy in a population of first-time pregnancy planners without previous reproductive experience. The objective of this paper is to report and discuss a finding of a strong relationship between glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1C) and fertility. A total of 165 Danish couples without previous reproductive experience was followed from termination of birth control until pregnancy for a maximum of six menstrual cycles. HbA1C and reproductive hormones were measured at entry. Questionnaire data were collected at entry and once in each cycle during follow-up. The odds ratio (OR) for pregnancy per cycle decreased with increasing concentration of HbA1C (OR per percent HbA1C 0.4, 95% CI 0.2–0.9 for all six cycles and 0.2, 95% CI 0.1–0.5 in the first three cycles). A high concentration of HbA1C was associated with a high concentration of testosterone and a low concentration of inhibin A. No association was found between HbA1C and psychosocial distress. The reduced fertility among women with high HbA1C may be due to an association with subclinical polycystic ovaries as indicated by the hormonal profile.

Key words: HbA1C/polycystic ovary syndrome/reproduction/stress/testosterone

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