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Human Reproduction, Vol. 15, No. 12, 2489-2495, December 2000
© 2000 European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology

Role of gonadotrophins and progesterone in the regulation of morphological remodelling and atresia in the monkey peri-ovulatory follicle

Charles L. Chaffin1 and Richard L. Stouffer1,2,3

1 Division of Reproductive Sciences, Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, 505 NW 185th Ave, Beaverton, Oregon 97006 2 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Oregon Health Sciences University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, Oregon 97201, USA

Peri-ovulatory progesterone plays an indispensable role in ovulation and luteinization, possibly by controlling tissue remodelling of the ovulatory follicle. This study was designed to evaluate gonadotrophin- versus progestinmediated changes to the morphology of the follicle wall during luteinization. Ovaries were obtained from macaques undergoing ovarian stimulation either before (0 h) or up to 36 h following administration of an ovulatory human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) bolus with or without a 3ß-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase inhibitor and a non-metabolisable progestin. Morphological changes occurred within 12 h of HCG in the theca, and around 24 h in the granulosa layer and basement membrane. Steroid depletion resulted in follicles that did not luteinize during the 36 h interval, or alternatively, those that exhibited premature luteinization by 12 h post-HCG. Progestin replacement restored normal morphology, although the presence of antral blood suggested acceleration of normal tissue remodelling. A proportion of pre-ovulatory follicles became atretic after the HCG bolus, although progestin treatment reduced the percentage of atretic follicles. Ovarian stimulation resulted in the development of multiple pre-ovulatory follicles which are heterogeneous in their response to the HCG bolus and local progestin action. Nevertheless, this model supports both anti-atretic and pro-differentiative actions of progesterone in promoting follicular health and remodelling during the development of the corpus luteum.

Key words: atresia/monkey/morphology/peri-ovulatory/progesterone

3 To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Division of Reproductive Sciences, Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, 505 NW 185th Ave, Beaverton, Oregon 97006.E-mail: stouffri{at}ohsu.edu


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