Human Reproduction, Vol. 15, No. 7, 1529-1536,
July 2000
© 2000 European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology
Incidence of aneuploid spermatozoa from subfertile men: selected with motility versus hemizona-bound5
1 Reproductive Medicine and Infertility Associates, P.A., 360 Sherman Street, St Paul, MN, 2 The Jones Institute for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, and 3 Biostatistics, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA
Spermatozoa–zona pellucida binding selects for human spermatozoa with progressive motility, normal morphology and functional competency. We postulated that this gamete interaction would also act to select against spermatozoa with chromosomal numerical aberrations. Spermatozoa from 41 men participating in the intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) programme were evaluated for the incidence of aneuploidy of chromosomes 18, X and Y. The hemizona assay was utilized to determine whether zona-bound spermatozoa from these patients have a reduced incidence of aneuploidy compared with those selected by motility only in a standard swim-up procedure. Using multicolour fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) with DNA probes specific for chromosomes 18, X and Y, the disomy rates for chromosomes 18, X, Y and XY were found to be 0.31, 0.27, 0.29 and 0.14% respectively in the swim-up motile fraction, and 0.31, 0.33, 0.32 and 0.19% respectively in the pellet fraction. Analysing the zona-bound spermatozoa, the disomy rates for chromosome 18, X, Y and XY were found to be 0.02, 0.15, 0.12 and 0.07% respectively. The zona-bound spermatozoa had a significantly lower frequency of aneuploidy than the swim-up motile fraction or the pellet fraction (P < 0.0001). The incidence of chromosome 18 aneuploidy, including both chromosome 18 disomy and nullisomy, in the swim-up motile fractions was significantly increased in patients with an abnormal or borderline hemizona index compared with those with a normal hemizona index (P < 0.05). We also found that a high incidence of sperm aneuploidy was associated to a certain extent with low fertilization rate, and with failure to achieve pregnancy through ICSI. This study suggests that the human zona pellucida has the capacity to select against aneuploid spermatozoa by an as yet undetermined mechanism.
Key words: chromosomal aneuploidy/FISH/hemizona assay/human spermatozoa/ICSI
4 To whom correspondence should be addressed at: The Jones Institute for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, 601 Colley Avenue, Norfolk, Virginia 23507, USA. E-mail: mahonymc{at}evms.edu
* Presented at the 23rd Annual Meeting of the American Society of Andrology, Long Beach, California, USA, March 1998
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