Human Reproduction, Vol. 16, No. 11, 2316-2319,
November 2001
© 2001 European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology
Frozen–thawed embryo transfer: influence of clinical factors on implantation rate and risk of multiple conception
Reproductive Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Adelaide, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, 28 Woodville Road, Woodville, South Australia 5011, Australia
BACKGROUND: Frozen embryo transfer is an important supplementary procedure in the treatment of infertility. While general information concerning the outcome of frozen embryo transfer has been documented, few studies have addressed the potential of embryo implantation in particular clinical situations. Importantly, the risk of multiple conception following frozen embryo transfer has been poorly documented compared with the information available for fresh embryo transfer. METHODS: This is a retrospective study analysing 3570 frozen embryo transfer cycles (1438 couples) with a view to increasing our understanding of the clinical circumstances that influence the potential for embryo implantation. RESULTS: The overall implantation rate was 9.1%. The characteristics associated with a more favourable implantation rate were the success of the previous fresh embryo transfer cycle, age < 40 years and non-tubal factor aetiology of infertility. Such women had an increased risk of multiple conception. CONCLUSION: Female age, the aetiology of infertility and the outcome of fresh embryo transfer are the most important factors influencing the implantation rate following frozen embryo transfer. A prognostic table has been constructed that may assist with the determination of the optimal number of embryos to be replaced in frozen embryo transfer to provide better individualized counselling and to secure an optimal chance of pregnancy while reducing the risk of multiple conception.
Key words: frozen embryo transfer/infertility/multiple conception
1 To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: jim.wang{at}adelaide.edu.au
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