Human Reproduction, Vol. 16, No. 2, 221-225,
February 2001
© 2001 European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology
The impact of ovarian stimulation on implantation and fetal development in mice
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The National Hospital, University of Oslo, 0027 Oslo, Norway
The objective of this study was to evaluate, using an embryo donation model, whether impaired oocyte/embryo developmental competence and/or changes in uterine milieu are responsible for the previously observed adverse effects of superovulation with gonadotrophins on implantation and fetal development in mice. Embryos from superovulated and non-stimulated females were transferred to separate uterine horns within the same superovulated or non-stimulated pseudopregnant recipient mice. Embryo development was impaired as a significantly higher proportion of normal embryos from control donors (61%) were blastocysts on transfer day compared with superovulated donors (41%; P = 0.001). The implantation rate in control recipients was significantly reduced after transfer of embryos from superovulated donors (12%) compared with control donors (25%; P = 0.001). Uterine receptivity was impaired in superovulated recipients. The implantation rate of control embryos was significantly higher in control (25%) than in superovulated recipients (7%; P = 0.001). Transfer of embryos recovered from superovulated donors resulted in significantly higher post-implantation fetal mortality in superovulated recipients (69%) than in control recipients (36%; P = 0.01), and the mean weight of live fetuses was significantly lower for fetuses obtained from superovulated recipients (0.51 g) compared with that of fetuses obtained from control recipients (0.72 g; P = 0.006). Hence, ovarian stimulation appears to impair oocyte/embryo quality as well as uterine milieu.
Key words: embryo developmental competence/fetal development/implantation/mice/ovarian stimulation
1 To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: gudvor.ertzeid{at}rikshopitalet.no
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