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Human Reproduction, Vol. 16, No. 2, 370-373, February 2001
© 2001 European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology

Selected food intake and risk of multiple pregnancies

Fabio Parazzini1,2,4, Liliane Chatenoud1, Gaia Bettoni3, Luca Tozzi3, Simonetta Turco3, Matteo Surace1, Elisabetta Di Cintio1 and Guido Benzi1

1 Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche `Mario Negri', 2 Prima Clinica Ostetrico Ginecologica, Università di Milano, Milano and 3 Clinica Ostetrico Ginecologica, Università di Verona, Ospedale Policlinico, Verona, Italy

In order to explore the association between multiple birth risk and diet, data were analysed from a case-control study on risk factors for multiple births conducted in Italy between 1988 and 1998. A total of 185 cases (median age 30 years) were interviewed: 36 women delivered monozygotic and 149 delivered spontaneous dizygotic multiple births. The control group comprised 498 women who gave birth at term (>37 weeks gestation) to healthy infants on randomly selected days at the same clinic. Women were specifically excluded if they reported a history of multiple pregnancy or they had received treatment for infertility for the index pregnancy. No marked differences emerged in daily intake between cases and controls and a total of 35 foods items, including the major sources of beta-carotene, retinol, ascorbic acid, vitamin D, E, methionine folate and calcium in the Italian diet. Likewise intake of selected micronutrients was largely similar in dizygotic cases, monozygotic cases and controls, with the only exception of a slightly lower intake of folates in dizygotic pregnancies in comparison with controls: this difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05), but limited in quantitative terms (mean daily intake of folate 192.4, 183.2 and 191.4 µg respectively in monozygotic, dizygotic cases and controls). In conclusion, the results of this study do not support the role of diet in the development of multiple births.

Key words: diet/epidemiology/foods/multiple births/risk factor

4 To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche `Mario Negri', Via Eritrea 62, 20157 Milano, Italy. E-mail: parazzini{at}irfmn.mnegri.it


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