Human Reproduction, Vol. 17, No. 3, 798-802,
March 2002
© 2002 European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology
The `vanishing embryo' phenomenon in an oocyte donation programme
Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad and Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Valencia University School of Medicine, Valencia, Spain
BACKGROUND: We studied the incidence of vanishing embryos (VE) in pregnancies achieved by oocyte donation and evaluated the obstetric and perinatal complications. METHOD: A retrospective study was carried out based on a chart review of 399 patients with multiple pregnancies from our oocyte donation programme. We defined vanishing phenomenon as the early resorption, in the first trimester, of one or more embryos in a multiple gestation, after confirming embryonic heart activity by transvaginal ultrasound. RESULTS: Vanishing embryo was observed in 75 patients (18.8%). In 60 patients (80%) this phenomenon occurred before the ninth gestational week. A higher incidence of VE was observed in patients who initially showed a higher number of gestational sacs (P < 0.03). Vaginal bleeding in the first trimester was significantly higher in patients with VE (P < 0.005). Miscarriage rate was similar in pregnancies with and without VE (P = NS). The incidence of pregnancy induced hypertension was decreased in the group with VE (P < 0.03). Preterm spontaneous rupture of membranes occurred more frequently in pregnancies with VE (P < 0.05). However, gestational age at delivery was similar in the group with VE and the controls. CONCLUSIONS: The high incidence of VE in pregnancies achieved by oocyte donation should be considered when counselling patients with high order multiple gestations.
Key words: oocyte donation/perinatal outcome/spontaneous embryo reduction/vanishing embryo
1 To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad, C/Guardia Civil 23, 46020 Valencia, Spain. E-mail: ivivalencia{at}ivi.es
Submitted on April 10, 2001, resubmitted on June 28, 2001
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