Human Reproduction, Vol. 18, No. 4, 802-807,
April 2003
© 2003 European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology
Frequency of defective sperm–zona pellucida interaction in severely teratozoospermic infertile men
University of Melbourne Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Reproductive Services, Royal Women’s Hospital and Melbourne IVF, Victoria 3035, Australia
1 To whom correspondence should be addressed at: e-mail: dyl{at}unimelb.edu.au
BACKGROUND: The frequency of defective sperm–zona pellucida (ZP) interaction in teratozoospermic infertile men was investigated. METHODS: Sperm–ZP binding and the ZP-induced acrosome reaction (ZPIAR) were performed in 125 infertile men with <5% of their sperm with normal morphology (strict criteria), but with a sperm count 
20x106/ml and total motility >30% in semen. Oocytes that failed to fertilize in clinical IVF were used for the tests. Four oocytes were incubated for 2 h with 2x106/ml motile sperm selected by swim-up. The number of sperm bound per ZP and ZPIAR were assessed. Under these conditions, an average 
40 sperm bound per ZP was defined as poor sperm–ZP binding, and a ZPIAR 16% was defined as low ZPIAR. RESULTS: Among 125 teratozoospermic men, 31% (39/125) had poor sperm–ZP binding. Of those without poor ZP binding, 48% (41/86) had low ZPIAR. Some 64% (28/44) with sperm counts between 20 and 60x106/ml had low ZPIAR. Only 36% (45/125) had normal sperm–ZP binding and ZPIAR. CONCLUSIONS: Defective sperm–ZP interaction was present in 64% of teratozoospermic infertile men: 31% had defective sperm-ZP binding, and 33% low ZPIAR. The frequency of low ZPIAR was higher in men with sperm counts between 20–60x106/ml.
Key words: male infertility/sperm–ZP binding/teratozoospermia/ZP-induced acrosome reaction
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