Human Reproduction, Vol. 18, No. 6, 1265-1272,
June 2003
© 2003 European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology
Oxidative DNA damage in human sperm influences time to pregnancy
1 Institute of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, 2 Department of Growth and Reproduction, The National University Hospital, Copenhagen, 3 Department of Occupational Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark, 4 Fertility Centre, Scanian Andrology Centre, Malmö University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, 5 Reproductive Toxicology Unit, Institute of Anatomy, University of Aarhus, 6 The Danish Epidemiology Science Centre, University of Aarhus, and 7 Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The National University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
8 To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Institute of Public Health, c/o Department of Pharmacology, The Panum Institute, room 18–5-32, Blegdamsvej 3, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark. e-mail: s.loft{at}pubhealth.ku.dk
BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress and related DNA damage in human sperm may be important for fecundity and pregnancy outcome. METHODS: We studied the level of oxidative DNA damage in terms of 7-hydro-8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) in sperm DNA among 225 first-pregnancy planners. Over the six menstrual cycle follow-up time, after cessation of contraception, 135 pregnancies were conceived. RESULTS: The likelihood of pregnancy occurring in a single menstrual cycle was inversely associated with the 8-oxodG level (P < 0.01). The odds ratio of pregnancy in each of the first three or all six follow-up menstrual cycles was 0.42 (0.23–0.78; 95% CI) and 0.61 (0.36–0.91) per unit increase in the log 8-oxodG/100 000 dG ratio after adjustment for potential confounders, (including sperm concentration) respectively. The intra-individual coefficient of variation of 8-oxodG in 2–6 monthly repeated sperm samples from 116 men was 19% for the 8-oxodG/dG ratio, whereas the inter-individual coefficient of variation was 49%. The 8-oxodG level was not significantly associated with smoking, consumption of alcohol or caffeine, exposure to welding fumes or the plasma levels of sex hormones. CONCLUSIONS: The data suggest that oxidative damage to sperm DNA influences fecundity and the level of damage is relatively constant within an individual and not influenced by smoking.
Key words: 8-oxodeoxyguanosine/male fecundity/oxidative DNA damage/smoking/time to pregnancy
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