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Hum. Reprod. Advance Access originally published online on December 12, 2007
Human Reproduction 2008 23(2):340-351; doi:10.1093/humrep/dem319
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© The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Differences in the endometrial transcript profile during the receptive period between women who were refractory to implantation and those who achieved pregnancy

Alejandro Tapia1,7,8, Lisa M. Gangi2, Fernando Zegers-Hochschild3, José Balmaceda3, Ricardo Pommer4, León Trejo4, Isabel Margarita Pacheco3, Ana María Salvatierra5, Soledad Henríquez1, Marisol Quezada1, Macarena Vargas1, Miguel Ríos1, David J. Munroe2, Horacio B. Croxatto1,5,6 and Luis Velasquez1

1 Departamento de Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile 2 Laboratory of Molecular Technology, National Cancer Institute–Science Applications International Corporation, Frederick, MD, USA 3 Unidad de Medicina Reproductiva, Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile 4 Instituto de Investigaciones Materno-Infantil, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile 5 Instituto Chileno de Medicina Reproductiva (ICMER), Santiago, Chile 6 Millenium Institute for Fundamental and Applied Biology, Santiago, Chile

8 Correspondence address. E-mail: atapiap{at}gmail.com

BACKGROUND: Gene expression profiling of normal receptive endometrium has been characterized, but intrinsic defects in endometrial gene expression associated with implantation failure have not been reported.

METHODS: Women who had previously participated as recipients in oocyte donation cycles and repeatedly exhibited implantation failure (Group A, study group) or had at least one successful cycle (Group B, control group) and spontaneously fertile women (Group C, normal fertility group) were recruited. All were treated with exogenous estradiol and progesterone to induce an endometrial cycle, and an endometrial biopsy was taken on the seventh day of progesterone administration. RNA from each sample was analysed by cDNA microarrays to identify differentially expressed genes between groups.

RESULTS: 63 transcripts were differentially expressed (≥2-fold) between Groups A and B, of which 16 were subjected to real time RT–PCR. Eleven of these were significantly decreased in Group A with regard to Groups B and C. Among the dysregulated genes were MMP-7, CXCR4, PAEP and C4BPA.

CONCLUSIONS: Repeated implantation failure in some oocyte recipients is associated with an intrinsic defect in the expression of multiple genes in their endometrium. Significantly decreased levels of several transcripts in endometria without manifest abnormalities is demonstrated for the first time and shown to be associated with implantation failure.

Key words: endometrium/implantation/microarrays/oocyte donation/uterine receptivity

7 Present address. Prince Henry’s Institute of Medical Research, 246 Clayton Road, PO Box 5152, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia

Submitted on November 6, 2007; resubmitted on July 15, 2007; accepted on September 12, 2007.


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